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Lessons from Knockout and Transgenic Lupus-Prone Mice

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Lupus

Part of the book series: Contemporary Immunology ((CONTIM))

Abstract

Inbred mice have provided the majority of knowledge regarding the pathogenesis of lupus. Their ease of use relates predominately to their more accessible immune organs, greater genetic homogeneity, and more predictable disease manifestations compared to humans. Many mouse strains develop lupus-like symptoms and signs, but the best studied include BXSB/Mp, (NZB × NZW)F1 and its derivative NZM, (NZB × SWR)Fl, and the congenic strains MRL/Mp and MRL/Mplpr/lpr (MRL/lpr) (1). Many studies have used the latter strain, which lacks functional activity of the CD95 (Fas) apoptosis antigen (2,3), a significant regulator of activated T and B cells (4–8); hence, its designation MRL/Faslpr. Consequently, extrapolations of conclusions to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in general must bear in mind the CD95 phenotype of 1pr animals, which possess severe defects in T- and B-cell tolerance (9–14), and which accumulate large numbers of T cells unable to undergo Fas-induced cell death after activation. Nevertheless, such animals with known genetic alterations provide substantially increased insight into the lupus immune system by allowing an examination of disease manifestations in the setting of known immune deficiencies and/or transgenes. Indeed, the availability of efficient genetic modification provides yet another advantage to the study of lupus in the murine system. This chapter highlights several studies in genetically manipulated lupus-prone mice, with particular attention to implications for human disease pathogenesis (Tables 1-3).

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Authors
  1. Stanford L. Peng
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  2. Joe Craft
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Section on Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA

    Gary M. Kammer MD

  2. Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA

    George C. Tsokos MD

  3. Department of Clinical Physiology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC, USA

    George C. Tsokos MD

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© 1999 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Peng, S.L., Craft, J. (1999). Lessons from Knockout and Transgenic Lupus-Prone Mice. In: Kammer, G.M., Tsokos, G.C. (eds) Lupus. Contemporary Immunology. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-703-1_10

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-703-1_10

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-5686-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-703-1

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