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Can Aspergillus Infections Be Prevented in Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplant Recipients?

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Current Controversies in Bone Marrow Transplantation

Part of the book series: Current Clinical Oncology ((CCO))

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Abstract

Members of the genus Aspergillus are ubiquitous saprophytic fungi that reproduce asexually, more so during the summer months, producing thousands of conidia. The relatively small size of these conidia (1.5–6 µm) allows their suspension in air currents for long periods of time, and permits them to reach terminal bronchioles of the human lung, where they may grow and replicate. The clinical spectrum of human aspergillosis includes asymptomatic colonization, tissue invasion, and widespread visceral dissemination. Patients with prolonged granulocytopenia are at particular risk of developing serious infections with these organisms. Diagnostic techniques for early detection are limited, and accurate diagnosis often requires invasive procedures, such as transbronchial biopsy or open lung biopsy. Therapeutic options, including antifungal chemotherapeutic agents and surgical resection, are also far from perfect. The rapidly progressive course of the disease often precludes antemortem diagnosis.

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Authors
  1. Sherif B. Mossad MD
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  2. David L. Longworth MD
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Bone Marrow Transplant Program, Department of Hematology/Medical Oncology, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA

    Brian J. Bolwell MD (Director, Staff Physician) (Director, Staff Physician)

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Mossad, S.B., Longworth, D.L. (2000). Can Aspergillus Infections Be Prevented in Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplant Recipients?. In: Bolwell, B.J. (eds) Current Controversies in Bone Marrow Transplantation. Current Clinical Oncology. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-657-7_20

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