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Zinc

  • Chapter
Diet and Human Immune Function

Part of the book series: Nutrition and Health ((NH))

Abstract

Zinc is essential for the growth and development of all organisms. The first observations were made by Raulin in 1869 (1), who described the need for zinc in cultivating Aspergillus niger. In 1934, Todd et al. showed the importance of zinc in mammals by establishing a rat model (2). Later, a zinc deficiency syndrome in children was described by Prasad et al. in 1963 (3). These children suffered from anemia, hypogonadism, hepatosplenomegaly, skin alterations, growth, and mental retardation. Then, it was shown that these symptoms occurred because of zinc deficiency resulting from a zinc-specific malabsorption syndrome called Acrodermatitis enteropathica (a rare autosomal recessive inheritable disease), which was discovered by Neldner and Hambidge in 1975 (4). Acrodermatitis enteropathica leads to death within a few years when it is untreated, because it shows several immunologic alterations and a high frequency of bacterial, viral, and fungal infections. However, pharmacologic zinc supplementation can reverse all of the disease’s symptoms (4).

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Authors
  1. Klaus-Helge Ibs
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  2. Lothar Rink
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Nutrition Division, Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Norfolk, UK

    David A. Hughes PhD, RNutr

  2. Epsom and St. Helier University Hospitals NHS Trust, Surrey, UK

    L. Gail Darlington MD, FRCP

  3. GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare, Parsippany, NJ, USA

    Adrianne Bendich PhD, FACN

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Ibs, KH., Rink, L. (2004). Zinc. In: Hughes, D.A., Darlington, L.G., Bendich, A. (eds) Diet and Human Immune Function. Nutrition and Health. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-652-2_13

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-652-2_13

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-61737-422-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-652-2

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