Abstract
Until recently, there were almost no data regarding the etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, prognosis, and management of older patients with heart failure. Uncertainty as a result of the large gaps in our knowledge, coupled with recognition of the marked public health implications of heart failure among the elderly, lays the foundation for a number of controversies in this area. In order to address these controversies, this chapter will focus on those aspects of heart failure that are particular to the older patient.
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Kitzman, D.W. (2003). Heart Failure. In: Edwards, N.M., Maurer, M.S., Wellner, R.B. (eds) Aging, Heart Disease, and Its Management. Contemporary Cardiology. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-357-6_14
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