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Regulatory Co-options in the Evolution of Deuterostome Immune Systems

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Book cover Innate Immunity

Part of the book series: Infectious Disease ((ID))

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Abstract

Nowhere can Archimedes’ famous dictum, that to move the Earth one would need only a foot of ground somewhere else to stand on, be more aptly cited than in evolutionary bioscience. To understand where our own working systems come from, we must examine equivalent systems in animals that are not ourselves but that are of known evolutionary relationship to us. If the other species are wisely chosen, and if we know enough, then by logic the characteristics of the ancestral states will fall out, and at least the main steps in the evolutionary construction of our own divergence from these ancestors can be understood. As yet we clearly do not know nearly enough to do this for the evolution of innate immune systems in the deuterostomes, the subject of this chapter. However, it is possible to make a start: several recent observations on the workings of the innate immune system in a distantly related deuterostome animal, the sea urchin, prove immensely interesting when viewed comparatively with respect to the innate immune systems of vertebrates. In this chapter we have focused on the evolution of the gene regulatory foundations on which the very different innate immune systems of these different animals are built. Everything in this argument rests on the phylogeny of the deuterostomes, which determines the topography of the tree that organizes the currently extant deuterostomes in respect to their similarities and differences, and from which their ancestral relations are deduced. So it is with a brief reprise of deuterostome phylogeny that we begin.

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Authors
  1. Ellen V. Rothenberg
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  2. Eric H. Davidson
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Developmental Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

    R. Alan B. Ezekowitz MB ChB, DPhil, FAAP

  2. Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    R. Alan B. Ezekowitz MB ChB, DPhil, FAAP

  3. Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, CNRS, Strasbourg, France

    Jules A. Hoffmann PhD

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© 2003 Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ

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Rothenberg, E.V., Davidson, E.H. (2003). Regulatory Co-options in the Evolution of Deuterostome Immune Systems. In: Ezekowitz, R.A.B., Hoffmann, J.A. (eds) Innate Immunity. Infectious Disease. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-320-0_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-320-0_4

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

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  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-320-0

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