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Comparative Analysis of Copper and Iron Metabolism in Photosynthetic Eukaryotes vs Yeast and Mammals

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Handbook of Copper Pharmacology and Toxicology

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Abstract

Copper and iron are essential micronutrients for all organisms because of their function as cofactors in enzymes that catalyze redox reactions in fundamental metabolic processes. Prominent examples of such enzymes include cytochrome oxidase in respiration, plastocyanin in photosynthesis, superoxide dismutase in oxidative stress, and ceruloplasmin in iron metabolism. Copper and iron carry out very similar functions in biology because both exhibit stable, redox-interchangeable ionic states with the potential to generate less stable electron-deficient intermediates during multielectron redox reactions involving oxygen chemistry. The major difference between copper and iron in biological systems derives from their individual ligand preferences and coordination geometries. The bioavailability of copper and iron is low so that organisms are faced with the challenge of acquiring sufficient copper and iron for cellular requirements while avoiding the buildup of levels that could lead to cellular toxicity. Over the last decade, it has become apparent that organisms have developed a suite of strategies to combat such challenges, so that an intricate balance between uptake, utilization, storage and detoxification, and efflux pathways for copper and iron exists.

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Authors
  1. Sharon La Fontaine
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  2. Jeanette Quinn
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  3. Sabeeha Merchant
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  1. The National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA

    Edward J. Massaro

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Fontaine, S.L., Quinn, J., Merchant, S. (2002). Comparative Analysis of Copper and Iron Metabolism in Photosynthetic Eukaryotes vs Yeast and Mammals. In: Massaro, E.J. (eds) Handbook of Copper Pharmacology and Toxicology. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-288-3_30

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-288-3_30

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