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Pit-1 Expression, Regulation, and Modulation of Multiple Pituitary Genes

  • Chapter
Gene Engineering in Endocrinology

Part of the book series: Contemporary Endocrinology ((COE,volume 22))

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Abstract

Anterior pituitary development is a highly complex process whereby five distinct, mature cell types arise in a precise spatial and temporal pattern (1–3). Three of these cell types, somatotropes, lactotropes, and thyrotropes, are dependent on expression of the pituitary-specific transcription factor Pit-1/GHF-1 (4). In the mouse, the pituitary anlage is first detectable at d 12.5 postcoitum (12.5 p.c.) (5). Pit-1 transcripts are detectable throughout the anterior pituitary at d 13.5 p.c. Interestingly, Pit-1 protein is not detectable until d 15.5 p.c. This long lag time between Pit-1 RNA and protein expression indicates that the precise temporal control of Pit-1 expression is under translational as well as transcriptional control. Other homeobox proteins in other species appear to have similar dual control expression. Rapidly following expression of Pit-1 protein at d 15.5 p.c., transcripts for growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL), and the thyroid-stimulating hormone ß subunit (TSH0) are identified. The major expression of PRL, however, is not observed until after d 17.5 p.c. A second population of thyrotropes was identified in the rostral tip of the anterior pituitary by Lin and colleagues (6). These thyrotropes appear at embryonic d 12.5 (E12.5) long before any detectable expression of Pit-1 (E14.5). By postpartum d 0.5, these rostral thyrotropes are no longer detectable, and only the Pit-1-dependent caudomedial thyrotropes remain. The physiological significance of these early Pit-1-independent rostral tip thyrotropes is unknown.

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Authors
  1. Bryan R. Haugen MD
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  2. David F. Gordon PhD
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  3. William M. Wood PhD
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, VA, USA

    Margaret A. Shupnik PhD

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Haugen, B.R., Gordon, D.F., Wood, W.M. (2000). Pit-1 Expression, Regulation, and Modulation of Multiple Pituitary Genes. In: Shupnik, M.A. (eds) Gene Engineering in Endocrinology. Contemporary Endocrinology, vol 22. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-221-0_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-221-0_4

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

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