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Trace Element and Mineral Nutrition in Adolescents

  • Chapter
Clinical Nutrition of the Essential Trace Elements and Minerals

Part of the book series: Nutrition ◊ and ◊ Health ((NH))

Abstract

Adolescence is a critical and complex phase in human development characterized by major biological, psychological, and social changes. Puberty marks the beginning of accelerated physical growth, alterations in body composition, and sexual maturation. The growth spurt in female adolescents contributes about 16% to adult height, 54% to adult weight, 73% to adult body fat content, 40% to adult lean body mass, and about 37% to the whole body calcium (Fig. 1). Similar changes are present in males. All individuals during this period of life should be in a strong positive nitrogen balance and balance of minerals required for body building. Those changes influence teenagers’ nutritional needs and status (Fig. 2). In addition, psychological changes involving the adolescent’s search for independence and identity, desire for acceptance by peers, and preoccupation with physical appearance may affect eating habits, food choices, nutrient intake, and particularly status of certain minerals of which calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and selenium (Se) are the most important. During the last 20 years, the focus of nutrition research and recommendations for children has shifted from the prevention of nutritional deficiencies to the early establishment of recommended diets to prevent chronic diseases.These priorities may eventually lead to dietary guidelines for the prevention and treatment of those conditions by targeting predisposed individuals early in life (3).

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Authors
  1. Velimir Matkovic MD
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  2. Nancy E. Badenhop
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  3. Jasminka Z. Ilich PhD
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, New Jersey Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA

    John D. Bogden PhD

  2. United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND, USA

    Leslie M. Klevay MD, SD in Hyg

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Matkovic, V., Badenhop, N.E., Ilich, J.Z. (2000). Trace Element and Mineral Nutrition in Adolescents. In: Bogden, J.D., Klevay, L.M. (eds) Clinical Nutrition of the Essential Trace Elements and Minerals. Nutrition ◊ and ◊ Health. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-040-7_10

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