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Overview of Hepatitis B and C Viruses

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Infectious Causes of Cancer

Part of the book series: Infectious Disease ((ID))

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Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common and devastating malignant tumors in the world, particularly in Asia and Africa (1). With the estimated 1 million cases per year worldwide, HCC is the seventh most common cancer in men and the ninth most common in women. In high prevalence areas such as Southeast Asia, the Far East including Taiwan, and sub-Saharan Africa, the annual incidence of HCC reaches 30 cases per 100,000 population; this contrasts with an annual incidence of fewer than 2 cases per 100,000 population in low-risk areas such as the United States and most of Europe. Symptomatic HCCs usually run a rapidly progressive course with low rate of resectability and poor response to nonsurgical therapy and thus have a very poor prognosis (2). The risk factors associated with the development of HCC include chronic infection with either hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV), the presence of liver cirrhosis, carcinogen exposure especially aflatoxin B1, alcohol abuse, genetic factors, male gender, cigaret smoking, and advanced age. Among these risk factors, chronic hepatitis virus infections, particularly those occurring in the presence of cirrhosis, show the strongest association with the development of HCC (2,3). This chapter reviews the virologic characteristics, animal models, and molecular pathogenesis of both HBV and HCV.

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  1. Jia-Horng Kao
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  2. Ding-Shinn Chen
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Viral Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, 6120 Executive Blvd., Room 8012, MSC 7248, 20852, Rockville, MD, USA

    James J. Goedert MD (Chief) (Chief)

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Kao, JH., Chen, DS. (2000). Overview of Hepatitis B and C Viruses. In: Goedert, J.J. (eds) Infectious Causes of Cancer. Infectious Disease. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-024-7_17

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-024-7_17

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