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Articular Cartilage of the Knee pp 99–122Cite as

Articular Cartilage: Homeostasis, Aging and Degeneration

Abstract

Aging implies changes in articular cartilage cells and the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM) that are reflective of metabolic changes related to time alone. For chondrocytes, these are genomic and intracytoplasmic changes that lessen their capacity to respond and control their extracellular environment; for the matrix, these are changes that lead to decreased hydration and increased brittleness of the tissue. Clinically, this can manifest as decreased capacity to withstand mechanical forces leading to degenerative arthritis.

Keywords

  • Articular cartilage
  • Homeostasis
  • Aging
  • Osteoarthritis

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Department of Surgery, and Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Kenneth P. H. Pritzker MD, FRCPC

  2. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Kenneth P. H. Pritzker MD, FRCPC

  3. Orthopaedic Science Consulting Services, Oakville, ON, Canada

    Harpal K. Gahunia MSc, PhD

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  1. Kenneth P. H. Pritzker MD, FRCPC
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Correspondence to Kenneth P. H. Pritzker MD, FRCPC .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Orthopaedic Science Consulting Services, Oakville, ON, Canada

    Ph.D. Harpal K. Gahunia

  2. Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    MD Allan E. Gross

  3. Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Department of Surgery, and Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    MD Kenneth P.H. Pritzker

  4. Saskatchewan Health Authority Department Head of Medical Imaging, University of Saskatchewan and Saskatoon Health Region, Saskatoon, SK, Canada

    MD Paul S. Babyn

  5. Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    MD Lucas Murnaghan

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Pritzker, K.P.H., Gahunia, H.K. (2020). Articular Cartilage: Homeostasis, Aging and Degeneration. In: Gahunia, H., Gross, A., Pritzker, K., Babyn, P., Murnaghan, L. (eds) Articular Cartilage of the Knee. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7587-7_3

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