Altered Microbiota and Their Metabolism in Host Metabolic Diseases

Yeoh, Beng San; Vijay-Kumar, Matam

doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-7534-1_7

Altered Microbiota and Their Metabolism in Host Metabolic Diseases

Beng San Yeoh³ &
Matam Vijay-Kumar³

Chapter
First Online: 27 January 2018

1433 Accesses
1 Citations
6 Altmetric

Part of the Physiology in Health and Disease book series (PIHD)

Abstract

The mammalian intestine harbors trillions of bacteria collectively known as the gut microbiota. This menagerie of gut microbes performs diverse metabolic roles, many of which are prerequisites to maintaining their symbiotic relationship with the host. Recent years have seen a surge in studies underscoring the profound consequences of microbiota dysregulation and dysbiosis in promoting metabolic disorders. This chapter examines several key concepts and potential mechanisms that accentuate the link between gut microbiome and metabolic diseases. Accumulated data from a variety of animal and human studies indicate that a dysbiotic microbiota can play a key role in the instigation of metabolic diseases via the following potential mechanisms: increasing calorie extraction; producing obesogenic metabolites; causing metabolic endotoxemia-induced, low-grade, chronic inflammation; and reprogramming the host inflammatory/metabolic responses to favor the development of metabolic syndrome.

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Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
Beng San Yeoh & Matam Vijay-Kumar

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Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Jun Sun
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Prof. Pradeep K. Dudeja

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Yeoh, B.S., Vijay-Kumar, M. (2018). Altered Microbiota and Their Metabolism in Host Metabolic Diseases. In: Sun, J., Dudeja, P. (eds) Mechanisms Underlying Host-Microbiome Interactions in Pathophysiology of Human Diseases. Physiology in Health and Disease. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7534-1_7

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7534-1_7
Published: 27 January 2018
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