Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Cytogenetics of Howler Monkeys

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Howler Monkeys

Part of the book series: Developments in Primatology: Progress and Prospects ((DIPR))

Abstract

Cytogenetic studies of howler monkeys show diploid numbers ranging from 2N = 43 in Alouatta seniculus to 2N = 58 in A. pigra with several interspecific chromosomal rearrangements such as translocations and inversions. Other remarkable genetic features are the multiple sex chromosome systems and the presence of microchromosomes. Multiple sexual systems are originated by Y-autosome translocations, resulting in the formation of trivalents X1X2Y in males of A. belzebul and A. palliata and quadrivalents X1X2Y1Y2 in males of A. seniculus, A. pigra, A. macconnelli, and A. caraya. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analyses in the South American species have revealed that segments with homeology to human chromosomes #3 and #15 (synteny 3/15) are involved in these sexual systems. Different authors agreed with the assumption that these diverse sex chromosome systems share the same autosomal pair and the rearrangement may have occurred once. Recent cytogenetic characterization of A. pigra and A. palliata has shown that the autosomes involved in the translocation that formed the sex chromosome systems in the Mesoamerican and South American species are different. Two independent events of Y-autosome translocations might have led to different sexual systems. Together with the multiple autosomal rearrangements found in the genus, the howler monkey’s sex chromosome systems constitute an illustrative example of the possible chromosomal evolutionary mechanisms in Platyrrhini.

Resumen

Los estudios citogenéticos realizados en monos aulladores muestran números diploides que van de 2N = 43 para Alouatta seniculus a 2N = 58 para A. pigra, con reordenamientos cromosómicos interespecíficos de tipo translocaciones e inversiones. Otras características genéticas notables son los sistemas sexuales múltiples y la presencia de microcromosomas. Los sistemas sexuales múltiples son resultado de translocaciones Y-autosoma, originando trivalentes X1X2Y en los machos de A. belzebul y A. palliata y cuadrivalentes X1X2Y1Y2 en los machos de A. seniculus, A. pigra, A. macconnelli y A. caraya. La Hibridación in situ Fluorescente (FISH) ha revelado que en la formación de los sistemas sexuales de las especies sudamericanas están involucrados ciertos segmentos homeólogos de los cromosomas humanos #3 y #15 (sintenia 3/15). Diferentes autores están de acuerdo con la hipótesis de que estos sistemas de cromosomas sexuales comparten un mismo par autosómico y que el reordenamiento que les dio lugar habría ocurrido una única vez. Una caracterización citogenética reciente de A. pigra y A. palliata puso en evidencia que diferentes cromosomas están involucrados en los sistemas sexuales de las especies mesoamericanas y sudamericanas. Dos eventos independientes de translocaciones Y-autosoma parecerían haber originado los diferentes sistemas sexuales. Junto con los múltiples reordenamientos autosómicos que se observan en el género, los sistemas de cromosomas sexuales presentes en aulladores son un ejemplo ilustrativo de los posibles mecanismos de evolución cromosómica en Platyrrhini.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

FISH:

Fluorescence in situ hybridization

G-banding:

Giemsa banding

NWP:

New World Primates

PAR:

Pseudoautosomal region

R-banding:

Reverse banding

REs banding:

Restriction enzymes banding

SC:

Synaptonemal complex

References

  • Amaral P, Finotelo L, de Oliveira E, Pissinatti A, Nagamachi C, Pieczarka J (2008) Phylogenetic studies of the genus Cebus (Cebidae-Primates) using chromosome painting and G-banding. BMC Evol Biol 8:169

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Andersson L, Archibald A, Ashburner M et al (1996) Comparative genome organization of vertebrates. Mamm Genome 7:717–734

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Armada JLA, Barroso CML, Lima MMC, Muniz JAPC, Seuánez HN (1987) Chromosome studies in Alouatta belzebul. Am J Primatol 13:283–296

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arrighi FE, Hsu TC (1971) Localization of heterochromatin in human chromosomes. Cytogenet Genome Res 10:81–86

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Avramova ZV (2002) Heterochromatin in animals and plants. Similarities and differences. Plant Physiol 129:40–49

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Battaglia E (1964) Cytogenetics of B chromosomes. Caryologia 17:245–299

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bender MA, Chu EHY (1963) The chromosomes of primates. In: Buettner-Janusch J (ed) Evolutionary and genetic biology of primates. Academic Press Inc., New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Bigoni F, Koehler U, Stanyon R, Ishida T, Wienberg J (1997) Fluorescence in situ hybridization establishes homology between human and silvered leaf monkey chromosomes, reveals reciprocal translocations between chromosomes homologous to human Y/5, 1/9, and 6/16, and delineates an X1X2Y1Y2/X1X1X2X2 sex-chromosome system. Am J Phys Anthropol 102:315–327

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cabrera A (1957) Catálogo de los mamíferos de América del Sur. Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales IV. MACN, Buenos Aires

    Google Scholar 

  • Clemente IC, Ponsà M, García M, Egozcue J (1990) Evolution of the simiiformes and the phylogeny of human chromosomes. Hum Genet 84:493–506

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Consigliere S, Stanyon R, Koehler U, Agoramoorthy G, Wienberg J (1996) Chromosome painting defines genomic rearrangements between red howler monkey subspecies. Chromosome Res 4:264–270

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Consigliere S, Stanyon R, Koehler U, Arnold N, Wienberg J (1998) In situ hybridization (FISH) maps chromosomal homologies between Alouatta belzebul (Platyrrhini, Cebidae) and other primates and reveals extensive interchromosomal rearrangements between howler monkey genomes. Am J Primatol 46:119–133

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Copenhaver GP, Nickel K, Kuromori T, Benito M-I, Kaul S, Lin X, Bevan M, Murphy G, Harris B, Parnell LD, McCombie WR, Martienssen RA, Marra M, Preuss D (1999) Genetic definition and sequence analysis of Arabidopsis centromeres. Science 286:2468–2474

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cortés-Ortiz L, Rylands AB, Mittermeier R (2014) The taxonomy of howler monkeys: integrating old and new knowledge from morphological and genetic studies. In: Kowalewski M, Garber P, Cortés-Ortiz L, Urbani B, Youlatos D (eds) Howler monkeys: adaptive radiation, systematics, and morphology. Springer, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • De Boer LEM (1974) Cytotaxonomy of the Platyrrhini. Genen Phaenen 17:1–115

    Google Scholar 

  • De Grouchy J (1987) Chromosome phylogenies of man, great apes, and old world monkeys. Genetica 73:37–52

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • De Grouchy J, Turleau C, Roubin M, Klein M (1972) Karyotypic evolution in man and chimpanzees. A comparative study of band topographies after controlled denaturation. Ann Genet 15:79–84

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • de Oliveira EHC (1996) Estudos citogenéticos e evolutivos nas espécies brasileiras e argentinas do genero Alouatta (Atelidae, Platyrrhini). Masters Thesis, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Brazil

    Google Scholar 

  • de Oliveira EHC, Lima MMC, Sbalqueiro IJ (1995) Chromosomal variation in Alouatta fusca. Neotrop Primat 3:181–183

    Google Scholar 

  • de Oliveira EHC, de Lima MMC, Sbalqueiro S, Pissinatti A (1998) The karyotype of Alouatta fusca clamitans from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: evidence for a y-autosome translocation. Genet Mol Biol. 21(3):361–364. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1415-47571998000300012

  • de Oliveira EHC, Suemitsu E, Da Silva FDC, Sbalqueiro IJ (2000) Geographical variation of chromosomal number in Alouatta fusca clamitans (Primates, Atelidae). Caryologia 53:163–168

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • de Oliveira EHC, Neusser M, Figueiredo WB, Nagamachi C, Pieczarka JC, Sbalqueiro IJ, Wienberg J, Müller S (2002) The phylogeny of howler monkeys (Alouatta, Platyrrhini): reconstruction by multicolor cross-species chromosome painting. Chromosome Res 10:669–683

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • de Oliveira EHC, Neusser M, Pieczarka JC, Nagamachi C, Sbalqueiro IJ, Müller S (2005) Phylogenetic inferences of Atelinae (Platyrrhini) based on multi-directional chromosome painting in Brachyteles arachnoides, Ateles paniscus paniscus and Ateles b. marginatus. Cytogenet Genome Res 108:183–190

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • de Oliveira EHC, Neusser M, Müller S (2012) Chromosome evolution in New World monkeys (Platyrrhini). Cytogenet Genome Res 137:259–272

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Defler TR, Bueno ML (2007) Aotus diversity and the species problem. Primate Conserv 22:55–70

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dobigny G, Ducroz J-F, Robinson TJ, Volobouev V (2004) Cytogenetics and cladistics. Syst Biol 53:470–484

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dumas F, Stanyon R, Sineo L, Stone G, Bigoni F (2007) Phylogenomics of species from four genera of New World monkeys by flow sorting and reciprocal chromosome painting. BMC Evol Biol 7:S11

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dutrillaux B, Couturier J (1981) The ancestral karyotype of platyrrhine monkeys. Cytogenet Cell Genet 30:232–242

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dutrillaux B, Rethoré MO, Lejeune J (1975) Analyse du caryotype de Pan paniscus. Comparaison avec les autres Pongidae et l’Homme. Hum Genet 28:113–119

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dutrillaux B, Couturier J, Fosse M (1980) The use of high resolution banding in comparative cytogenetics: comparison between man and Lagothrix lagotricha (Cebidae). Cytogenet Cell Genet 27:45–51

    Google Scholar 

  • Dutrillaux B, Descailleaux J, Viegas-Pequignot E, Couturier J (1981) Y-autosome translocation in Cacajao c. rubicundus (Platyrrhini). Ann Genet 24:197–201

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Egozcue J (1969) Aneuploidía cromosómica: nuevas observaciones sobre la separación precoz de bivalentes en meiosis I. Sangre 14:442–452

    Google Scholar 

  • Egozcue J, de Egozcue V (1965) The chromosomes of the howler monkey (Alouatta caraya, HUMBOLDT 1812). Mamm Chrom Newslett 17:84

    Google Scholar 

  • Egozcue J, de Egozcue V (1966) The chromosome complement of the howler monkey (Alouatta caraya, HUMBOLDT 1812). Cytogenet Genome Res 5:20–27

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fransz PF, Armstrong S, De Jong JH, Parnell LD, van Drunen C, Dean C, Zabel P, Bisseling T, Jones GH (2000) Integrated cytogenetic map of chromosome arm 4S of A. thaliana: structural organization of heterochromatic knob and centromere region. Cell 100:367–376

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • García Haro F (2001) Evolución cromosómica en simiiformes. Homologías, reorganizaciones y heterocromatina. PhD dissertation, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, España

    Google Scholar 

  • García M, Mirò R, Ponsà M, Egozcue J (1979) Chromosomal polymorphism and somatic segregation in Saimiri sciureus. Folia Primatol 31:312–323

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • García M, Miró R, Estop A, Ponsà M, Egozcue J (1983) Constitutive heterochromatin polymorphism in Lagothrix lagothricha cana, Cebus apella, and Cebus capucinus. Am J Primatol 4:117–126

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • García F, García M, Mora L, Alarcón L, Egozcue J, Ponsà M (2003) Qualitative analysis of constitutive heterochromatin and primate evolution. Biol J Linn Soc 80:107–124

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • García-Cruz R, Robles P, Steinberg ER, Camats N, Brieño MA, García-Caldés M, Mudry MD (2009) Pairing and recombination features during meiosis in Cebus paraguayanus (Primates: Platyrrhini). BMC Genet 10:25

    Google Scholar 

  • García-Cruz R, Pacheco S, Brieño MA, Steinberg ER, Mudry MD, Ruiz-Herrera A, García-Caldés M (2011) A comparative study of the recombination pattern in three species of Platyrrhini monkeys (primates). Chromosoma 120:521–530

    Google Scholar 

  • Gregorin R (2006) Taxonomia e variação geográfica das espécies do gênero Alouatta Lacépède (Primates, Atelidae) no Brasil. Rev Bras Zool 23:64–144

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Groves CP (2001) Primate taxonomy. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Groves CP (2005) Order primates. In: Wilson DE, Reeder DM (eds) Mammal species of the world: a taxonomic and geographic reference. John Hopkins University Press, Maryland

    Google Scholar 

  • Hassold T, Hansen T, Hunt P, VandeVoort C (2009) Cytological studies of recombination in rhesus males. Cytogenet Genome Res 124:132–138

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Heitz E (1928) Das heterochromatin der moose. Jahrb Wiss Bot 69:762–818

    Google Scholar 

  • Hershkovitz P (1984) Taxonomy of squirrel monkeys genus Saimiri (Cebidae, platyrrhini): a preliminary report with description of a hitherto unnamed form. Am J Primatol 6:257–312

    Google Scholar 

  • Hill W (1962) Primates: comparative anatomy and taxonomy. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh

    Google Scholar 

  • Hsu TC, Benirschke K (1970) An atlas of mammalian chromosomes, vol 4. Springer, Berlin

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Hsu TC, Hampton SH (1970) Chromosomes of Callithricidae with special reference to an XX/XO sex chromosome system in Goeldi marmoset (Callimico goeldii Thomas 1904). Folia Primatol 13:183–195

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • John HA, Birnstiel ML, Jones KW (1969) RNA-DNA hybrids at the cytological level. Nature 223:582–587

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kluge AG (1989) A concern for evidence and a phylogenetic hypothesis of relationships among Epicrates (Boidae, Serpentes). Syst Zool 38:7–25

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Koiffmann CP, Saldanha PH (1974) Cytogenetics of Brazilian monkeys. J Hum Evol 3:275–282

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Koiffmann CP, Saldanha PH (1981) Chromosome variability in the family Cebidae (Platyrrhini). Brazil J Genetics IV (4):667–677

    Google Scholar 

  • Lima MMC, Seuánez H (1991) Chromosome studies in the red howler monkey, Alouatta seniculus stramineus (Platyrrhini, Primates): description of an X1X2Y1Y2/X1X1X2X2 sex chromosome system and karyological comparisons with other subspecies. Cytogenet Cell Genet 57:151–156

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lima MMC, Sampaio MIC, Schneider MPC, Scheffrahn W, Schneider H, Salzano FM (1990) Chromosome and protein variation in red howler monkeys. Rev Bras Genet 13:789–802

    Google Scholar 

  • Ma NSF (1981) Chromosome evolution in the owl monkey, Aotus. Am J Phys Anthropol 54:293–303

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ma NSF, Jones TC, Thorignton RW, Miller A, Morgan L (1975) Y-autosome translocation in the howler monkey, Alouatta palliata. J Med Primatol 4:299–307

    Google Scholar 

  • Ma NSF, Elliott MW, Morgan L, Miller A, Jones TC (1976) Translocation of Y chromosome to an autosome in the Bolivian owl monkey, Aotus. Am J Phys Anthropol 45:191–201

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Matayoshi T, Seuánez HN, Nasazzi N (1987) Heterochromatic variation in Cebus apella (Cebidae, Platyrrhini) of different geographic regions. Cytogenet Cell Genet 44:158–162

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Minezawa M, Harada M, Jordan OC, Borda CJV (1985) Cytogenetics of Bolivian endemic red howler monkeys (Alouatta seniculus sara): accessory chromosomes and Y-autosome translocation-related numerical variations. Res Rep New World Monkeys 5:7–16

    Google Scholar 

  • Moore CM, Harris CP, Abee CR (1990) Distribution of chromosomal polymorphisms in three subspecies of squirrel monkeys (genus Saimiri). Cytogenet Cell Genet 53:118–122

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Morescalchi M, Schempp W, Consigliere S, Bigoni F, Wienberg J, Stanyon R (1997) Mapping chromosomal homology between humans and the black-handed spider monkey by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Chromosome Res 5:527–536

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mudry MD (1990) Cytogenetic variability within and across populations of Cebus apella in Argentina. Folia Primatol 54:206–216

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mudry de Pargament MD, Labal de Vinuesa ML (1988) Variabilidad en bandas C de dos poblaciones de Cebus apella. Mendeliana 8:79–86

    Google Scholar 

  • Mudry de Pargament MD, Slavutsky I (1987) Banding patterns of the chromosomes of Cebus apella: comparative studies between specimens from Paraguay and Argentina. Primates 28:111–117

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mudry de Pargament MD, Labal de Vinuesa ML, Colillas OJ, Brieux de Salum S (1984) Banding patterns of Alouatta caraya. Rev Bras Genet 7:373–379

    Google Scholar 

  • Mudry MD, Brieux S, Colillas O (1981) Estudio citogenético del mono aullador Alouatta caraya de la República Argentina. Physis 40:63–70

    Google Scholar 

  • Mudry MD, Brown AD, Zunino GE (1987) Algunas consideraciones citotaxonómicas sobre Cebus apella de Argentina. Bol Primatol Arg 5:1–2

    Google Scholar 

  • Mudry MD, Slavutsky I, Labal de Vinuesa M (1990) Chromosome comparison among five species of platyrrhini (Alouatta caraya, Aotus azarae, Callithrix jacchus, Cebus apella, and Saimiri sciureus). Primates 31:415–420

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mudry MD, Slavutsky I, Zunino GE, Delprat A, Brown AD (1991) A new karyotype of Cebus apella from Argentina. Rev Bras Genet 14:729–738

    Google Scholar 

  • Mudry MD, Ponsà M, Borrell A, Egozcue J, García M (1994) Prometaphase chromosomes of the howler monkey (Alouatta caraya): G, C, NOR, and restriction enzyme (RES) banding. Am J Primatol 33:121–132

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mudry MD, Rahn M, Gorostiaga M, Hick A, Merani MS, Solari AJ (1998) Revised Karyotype of Alouatta caraya based on synaptonemal complex and banding analyses. Hereditas 128:9–16

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mudry MD, Rahn MI, Solari AJ (2001) Meiosis and chromosome painting of sex chromosome systems in Ceboidea. Am J Primatol 54:65–78

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Müller S (2006) Primate chromosome evolution. In: Lupski JR, Stankiewicz P (eds) Genomic disorders: the genomic basis of disease. Humana Press, Totowa

    Google Scholar 

  • Nieves M (2007) Heterocromatina y evolución cromosómica en primates Neotropicales. PhD dissertation, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Google Scholar 

  • Nieves M, Mühlmann M, Mudry MD (2005a) Heterochromatin and chromosome evolution: a FISH probe of Cebus apella paraguayanus (Primate: Platyrrhini) developed by chromosome microdissection. Genet Mol Res 4:675–683

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nieves M, Ascunce MS, Rahn MI, Mudry MD (2005b) Phylogenetic relationships among some Ateles species: the use of chromosomic and molecular characters. Primates 46:155–164

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pardue ML, Gall JG (1969) Molecular hybridization of radioactive DNA to the DNA of cytological preparations. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 64:600–604

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Patton JL (1977) B-chromosome systems in the pocket mouse, Perognathus baileyi: meiosis and C-band studies. Chromosoma 60:1–14

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Perelman P, Johnson WE, Roos C, Seuánez HN, Horvath JE, Moreira MAM, Kessing B, Pontius J, Roelke M, Rumpler Y, Schneider MPC, Silva A, O’Brien SJ, Pecon-Slattery J (2011) A molecular phylogeny of living primates. PLoS Genet 7:e1001342

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pieczarka JC, Nagamachi CY, Muniz JA, Barros RM, Mattevi MS (2001) Restriction enzyme and fluorochrome banding analysis of the constitutive heterochromatin of Saguinus species (Callitrichidae, Primates). Cytobios 105:13–26

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pinkel D (1986) Cytogenetic analysis using quantitative, high-sensitivity, fluorescent hybridization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 83:2934–2938

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ponsà M, García M, Borell A, García F, Egozcue J, Gorostiaga MA, Delprat A, Mudry MD (1995) Heterochromatin and cytogenetic polymorphisms in Cebus apella (Cebidae, Platyrrhini). Am J Primatol 37:325–331

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rahn MI, Mudry MD, Merani MS, Solari AJ (1996) Meiotic behavior of the X1X2Y1Y2 quadrivalent of the primate Alouatta caraya. Chromosome Res 4:1–7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ruiz Herrera A, García F, Aguilera M, García M, Ponsà Fontanals M (2005) comparative chromosome painting in Aotus reveals a highly derived evolution. Am J Primatol 65:73–85

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rylands AB (2000) An assessment of the diversity of New World primates. Neotrop Primates 8:61–93

    Google Scholar 

  • Rylands AB, Mittermeier RA (2009) The diversity of the New World primates (Platyrrhini): an annotated taxonomy. In: Garber PA, Estrada A, Bicca-Marques JC, Heymann EW, Strier KB (eds) South American primates: comparatives perspectives in the study of behavior ecology, and conservation. Springer, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Rylands AB, Mittermeier RA, Silva JS Jr (2012) Neotropical primates: taxonomy and recently described species and subspecies. Int Zoo Yearb 46(1):11–24

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sankoff D (2003) Rearrangements and chromosomal evolution. Curr Opin Genet Dev 13:583–587

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schneider H, Canavez FC, Sampaio I, Moreira MAM, Tagliaro CH, Seuánez HN (2001) Can molecular data place each neotropical monkey in its own branch? Chromosoma 109:515–523

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Seuánez HN (1979) The phylogeny of human chromosomes. Springer, Berlin

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Seuánez HN, Armada JL, Barroso C, Rezende C, da Silva VF (1983) The meiotic chromosomes of Cebus apella (Cebidae, Platyrrhini). Cytogenet Genome Res 36:517–524

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Solari AJ (1993) Sex chromosomes and sex determination in vertebrates. CRC, Boca Ratón

    Google Scholar 

  • Solari AJ, Rahn MI (2005) Fine structure and meiotic behaviour of the male multiple sex chromosomes in the genus Alouatta. Cytogenet Genome Res 108:262–267

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stanyon R, Tofanelli S, Morescalchi MA, Agoramoorthy G, Ryder OA, Wienberg J (1995) Cytogenetic analysis shows extensive genomic rearrangements between red howler (Alouatta seniculus, Linnaeus) subspecies. Am J Primatol 35:171–183

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stanyon R, Consigliere S, Bigoni F, Ferguson-Smith M, O’Brien PCM, Wienberg J (2001) Reciprocal chromosome painting between a New World primate, the woolly monkey, and humans. Chromosome Res 9:97–106

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stanyon R, Bigoni F, Slaby T, Muller S, Stone G, Bonvicino CR, Neusser M, Seuánez HN (2004) Multi-directional chromosome painting maps homologies between species belonging to three genera of New World monkeys and humans. Chromosoma 113:305–315

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stanyon R, Rocchi M, Capozzi O, Roberto R, Misceo D, Ventura M, Cardone MF, Bigoni F, Archidiacono N (2008) Primate chromosome evolution: ancestral karyotypes, marker order and neocentromeres. Chromosome Res 16:17–39

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stanyon R, Garofalo F, Steinberg ER, Capozzi O, Di Marco S, Nieves M, Archidiacono N, Mudry MD (2011) chromosome painting in two genera of South American monkeys: species identification, conservation, and management. Cytogenet Genome Res 134:40–50

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Steinberg ER (2011) Determinación sexual en primates Neotropicales: el caso de los monos aulladores. PhD dissertation, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Google Scholar 

  • Steinberg ER, Nieves M, Mudry MD (2007) Meiotic characterization and sex determination system of Neotropical primates: Bolivian squirrel monkey Saimiri boliviensis (primates: Cebidae). Am J Primatol 69:1236–1241

    Google Scholar 

  • Steinberg ER, Cortés-Ortiz L, Nieves M, Bolzán AD, García-Orduña F, Hermida-Lagunes J, Canales-Espinosa D, Mudry MD (2008) The karyotype of Alouatta pigra (Primates: Platyrrhini): mitotic and meiotic analyses. Cytogenet Genome Res 122:103–109

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Steinberg ER, Nieves M, Mudry MD (2014) Multiple sex chromosome systems in howler monkeys (Alouatta: Platyrrhini). Comp Cytogenet 8(1):43–69.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sumner AT (1971) A simple technique for demonstrating centromeric heterochromatin. Exp Cell Res 75:304–306

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sun F, Oliver-Bonet M, Liehr T, Starke H, Ko E, Rademaker A, Navarro J, Benet J, Martin RH (2004) Human male recombination maps for individual chromosomes. Am J Hum Genet 74:521–531

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Torres OM, Leibovici M (2001) Caracterización del mono aullador colorado Alouatta seniculus que habita en Colombia. Caldasia 23:537–548

    Google Scholar 

  • Torres OM, Ramírez C (2003) Estudios Citogenético de Alouatta palliata (Cebidae). Caldasia 25:193–198

    Google Scholar 

  • Torres OM, Enciso S, Ruiz F, Silva E, Yunis I (1998) Chromosome diversity of the genus Aotus from Colombia. Am J Primatol 44:255–275

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vassart M, Guédant A, Vlé JC, Kéravec J, Séguéla A, Volobouev VT (1996) Chromosomes of Alouatta seniculus (Platyrrhini, Primates) from French Guiana. J Hered 87:331–334

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vujoševič M, Blagojevič J (2004) B chromosomes in populations of mammals. Cytogenet Genome Res 106:247–256

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wienberg J (2005) Fluorescence in situ hybridization to chromosomes as a tool to understand human and primate genome evolution. Cytogenet Genome Res 108:139–160

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wienberg J, Stanyon R (1997) Comparative painting of mammalian chromosomes. Curr Opin Genet Dev 7:784–791

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wienberg J, Jauch A, Stanyon R, Cremer T (1990) Molecular cytotaxonomy of primates by chromosomal in situ suppression hybridization. Genomics 8:347–350

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yunis EJ, De Caballero OMT, Ramírez C, Efraín Ramírez E (1976) Chromosomal variations in the primate Alouatta seniculus seniculus. Folia Primatol 25:215–224

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Grupo de Investigación en Biología Evolutiva (GIBE), Labs 46/43, 4° piso, Depto. de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, IEGEBA, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pab II. Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Marta D. Mudry, Mariela Nieves & Eliana R. Steinberg

  2. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Marta D. Mudry, Mariela Nieves & Eliana R. Steinberg

Authors
  1. Marta D. Mudry
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Mariela Nieves
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Eliana R. Steinberg
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Marta D. Mudry .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Estación Biológica Corrientes, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Martín M. Kowalewski

  2. Department of Anthropology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA

    Paul A. Garber

  3. Museum of Zoology, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA

    Liliana Cortés-Ortiz

  4. Centro de Antropología, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Caracas, Venezuela

    Bernardo Urbani

  5. Department of Zoology, Aristotle University of Thessalonik, Thessaloniki, Greece

    Dionisios Youlatos

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Mudry, M.D., Nieves, M., Steinberg, E.R. (2015). Cytogenetics of Howler Monkeys. In: Kowalewski, M., Garber, P., Cortés-Ortiz, L., Urbani, B., Youlatos, D. (eds) Howler Monkeys. Developments in Primatology: Progress and Prospects. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1957-4_4

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation