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Handbook of Intelligence pp 243–262Cite as

Emotional and Social Intelligence and Behavior

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Abstract

Emotional intelligence, or more accurately emotional and social intelligence (EI and SI) manifest themselves at many levels within a person. Of the various levels at which EI and SI exist within a person, the behavioral level has received the least amount of attention in academic research but holds the most promise for a concept and measurement approach that relates to job and life outcomes. It also allows others to “see” EI and SI in action. In the past, discussion of EI was often focused on the different theoretical models and different ways of assessing EI. In this chapter, we will review the major models or theories which constitute levels of EI and SI and the tests appearing in research publications. This chapter will then focus on the behavioral level and the particular measure at this level currently most in use. Statistical results showing CFA model fit, convergent and discriminant validity of the measure, the ESCI and ESCI-U, at both the self-assessment and behavioral “other” (i.e., informant) assessment will be reported. Studies showing validation of this behavioral measure in predicting job and life outcomes are then reviewed.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Almost no one reports maximum shared variance any longer as an indication of discriminant validity, but for those aficionados who still use it, we have a different position. In many analyses of this type, another measure is also recommended for showing discriminant validity, called the maximum shared variance (MSV). But in this case, in which the theoretical model on which the items and scales were built is a circumplex model, it is assumed that some items, as well as scales, will have a high shared variance with others. For example, an expression or use of empathy is required to show inspirational leadership. As a result, the maximum shared variance of an item or scale will be deceptive and not an appropriate indicator of discriminant or discriminant validity.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Case Western Reserve University, 2077 Kent Road, Cleveland Heights, OH, 44106, USA

    Richard E. Boyatzis

  2. Marriott School of Management, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA

    James Gaskin

  3. Case Western Reserve University, 1947 E. 120th Street, Apt 3, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA

    Hongguo Wei

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  1. Richard E. Boyatzis
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  2. James Gaskin
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  3. Hongguo Wei
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Correspondence to Richard E. Boyatzis .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Neurology, Learning and Behavior Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA

    Sam Goldstein

  2. Neurology, Learning and Behavior Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA

    Dana Princiotta

  3. University of Virginia Curry School of Education, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA

    Jack A. Naglieri

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Boyatzis, R.E., Gaskin, J., Wei, H. (2015). Emotional and Social Intelligence and Behavior. In: Goldstein, S., Princiotta, D., Naglieri, J. (eds) Handbook of Intelligence. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1562-0_17

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