Skip to main content

Supportive Care

  • Chapter
Pediatric Neuro-oncology

Abstract

Despite the many advances in treatments and improvements in survival, the diagnosis and treatment of a pediatric brain or spinal cord malignancy is accompanied by many challenges and stressors. Supportive care describes the services and multidisciplinary care required to address the needs of the patient and family in order to meet the physical, informational, psychosocial, emotional, practical, and spiritual needs during all phases of their cancer care. Although some of the supportive care needs are common among families, the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric brain and spinal cord tumors is complex and may be variable throughout treatment. This population may also present some unique challenges with respect to antiemetic management, endocrinopathies, and, in some cases, posterior fossa syndrome. It requires a collaborative and multidisciplinary health-care team to effectively assess and address the supportive care needs. The supportive care requirements of these children and families can include the physical (physiotherapy, occupational therapy, speech pathology, dietician, medical, pharmacy), education/informational (often met by nursing and medical team members), as well as psychosocial (social work, psychology, child life, psychiatry). This chapter will discuss the supportive care needs of diagnosis and early treatment phase as long-term follow-up is addressed in other chapters of this textbook.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Kerr LM, Harrison MB, Medves J, Tranmer J. Supportive care needs of parents of children with cancer: transition from diagnosis to treatment. Oncol Nurs Forum. 2004;31(6):E116–26.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Lanskowksy P. Manual of pediatric hematology and oncology: psychosocial aspects of cancer for children and their families. 5th ed. Burlington: Elsevier; 2011.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Recklitis C, Casey R, Zeltzer L. Oncology of infancy and childhood. 1st ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2009.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Wiener L, Hersh S, Alderfer M. Principles and Practice of Pediatric Oncology: Psychiatric and Psychosocial Support for the Child and Family. 6th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Woodgate R, West C, Wilkins K. Family-centered psychosocial care. In: Baggott C, Fochtman D, Foley G, Kelly K, editors. Nursing care of children and adolescents with cancer and blood disorders. 4th ed. Glenview: Association of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Nurses; 2011. p. 114–64.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Frierdich S. Continuity of care. In: Baggott C, Fochtman D, Foley GV, Petterson Kelly K, editors. Nursing care of children and adolescents with cancer and blood disorders. 4th ed. Glenview: Association of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Nurses; 2011. p. 165–202.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Co-Reyes E, Li R, Huh W, Chandra J. Malnutrition and obesity in pediatric oncology patients: causes, consequences, and interventions. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2012;59(7):1160–7.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Ballal S, Bechard L, Jaksic T, Duggan C. Principles and practices of pediatric oncology: nutritional supportive care. 6th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Bauer J, Jurgens H, Fruhwald MC. Important aspects of nutrition in children with cancer. Adv Nutr. 2011;2(2):67–77.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Newman LA, Boop FA, Sanford RA, Thompson JW, Temple CK, Duntsch CD. Postoperative swallowing function after posterior fossa tumor resection in pediatric patients. Childs Nerv Syst. 2006;22(10):1296–300.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Ward E, Hopkins M, Arbuckle L, et al. Nutritional problems in children treated for medulloblastoma: implications for enteral nutrition support. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2009;53(4):570–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Rodgers C, Norville R, Taylor O, et al. Children’s coping strategies for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Oncol Nurs Forum. 2012;39(2):202–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Dupuis LL, Nathan PC. Options for the prevention and management of acute chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in children. Paediatr Drugs. 2003;5(9):597–613.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Schnell FM. Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: the importance of acute antiemetic control. Oncologist. 2003;8(2):187–98.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Doherty KM. Closing the gap in prophylactic antiemetic therapy: patient factors in calculating the emetogenic potential of chemotherapy. Clin J Oncol Nurs. 1999;3(3):113–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Dupuis LL, Boodhan S, Holdsworth M, et al. Guideline for the prevention of acute nausea and vomiting due to antineoplastic medication in pediatric cancer patients. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2013;60(7):1073–82.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Dupuis LL, Boodhan S, Sung L, et al. Guideline for the classification of the acute emetogenic potential of antineoplastic medication in pediatric cancer patients. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2011;57(2):191–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Jordan K, Roila F, Molassiotis A, Maranzano E, Clark-Snow RA, Feyer P. Antiemetics in children receiving chemotherapy. MASCC/ESMO guideline update 2009. Support Care Cancer. 2011;19 Suppl 1:S37–42.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Kim H, Lee JM, Park JS, et al. Dexamethasone coordinately regulates angiopoietin-1 and VEGF: a mechanism of glucocorticoid-induced stabilization of blood-brain barrier. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2008;372(1):243–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Dupuis LL, Nathan PC. Optimizing emetic control in children receiving antineoplastic therapy: beyond the guidelines. Paediatr Drugs. 2010;12(1):51–61.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Straathof CS, van den Bent MJ, Ma J, et al. The effect of dexamethasone on the uptake of cisplatin in 9L glioma and the area of brain around tumor. J Neurooncol. 1998;37(1):1–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Weller M, Schmidt C, Roth W, Dichgans J. Chemotherapy of human malignant glioma: prevention of efficacy by dexamethasone? Neurology. 1997;48(6):1704–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Corapcioglu F, Sarper N. A prospective randomized trial of the antiemetic efficacy and cost-effectiveness of intravenous and orally disintegrating tablet of ondansetron in children with cancer. Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2005;22(2):103–14.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Miyajima Y, Numata S, Katayama I, Horibe K. Prevention of chemotherapy-induced emesis with granisetron in children with malignant diseases. Am J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 1994;16(3):236–41.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Tramer MR, Carroll D, Campbell FA, Reynolds DJ, Moore RA, McQuay HJ. Cannabinoids for control of chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting: quantitative systematic review. BMJ. 2001;323(7303):16–21.

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Chan HS, Correia JA, MacLeod SM. Nabilone versus prochlorperazine for control of cancer chemotherapy-induced emesis in children: a double-blind, crossover trial. Pediatrics. 1987;79(6):946–52.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Koseoglu V, Kurekci AE, Sarici U, Atay AA, Ozcan O. Comparison of the efficacy and side-effects of ondansetron and metoclopramide-diphenhydramine administered to control nausea and vomiting in children treated with antineoplastic chemotherapy: a prospective randomized study. Eur J Pediatr. 1998;157(10):806–10.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Taylor M, Couto-Silva AC, Adan L, et al. Hypothalamic-pituitary lesions in pediatric patients: endocrine symptoms often precede neuro-ophthalmic presenting symptoms. J Pediatr. 2012;161(5):855–63.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Rivarola, Belgorosky A, Mendilaharzu H, Vidal G. Precocious puberty in children with tumours of the suprasellar and pineal areas: organic central precocious puberty. Acta Paediatr. 2001;90(7):751–6.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Jorsal T, Rorth M. Intracranial germ cell tumours. A review with special reference to endocrine manifestations. Acta Oncol. 2012;51(1):3–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Wang Y, Zou L, Gao B. Intracranial germinoma: clinical and MRI findings in 56 patients. Childs Nerv Syst. 2010;26(12):1773–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Afzal S, Wherrett D, Bartels U, et al. Challenges in management of patients with intracranial germ cell tumor and diabetes insipidus treated with cisplatin and/or ifosfamide based chemotherapy. J Neurooncol. 2010;97(3):393–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Sughrue ME, Yang I, Kane AJ, et al. Endocrinologic, neurologic, and visual morbidity after treatment for craniopharyngioma. J Neurooncol. 2011;101(3):463–76.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Law N, Greenberg M, Bouffet E, et al. Clinical and neuroanatomical predictors of cerebellar mutism syndrome. Neuro Oncol. 2012;14(10):1294–303.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Robertson PL, Muraszko KM, Holmes EJ, et al. Incidence and severity of postoperative cerebellar mutism syndrome in children with medulloblastoma: a prospective study by the Children’s Oncology Group. J Neurosurg. 2006;105(6 Suppl):444–51.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Wells EM, Walsh KS, Khademian ZP, Keating RF, Packer RJ. The cerebellar mutism syndrome and its relation to cerebellar cognitive function and the cerebellar cognitive affective disorder. Dev Disabil Res Rev. 2008;14(3):221–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Wells EM, Khademian ZP, Walsh KS, et al. Postoperative cerebellar mutism syndrome following treatment of medulloblastoma: neuroradiographic features and origin. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2010;5(4):329–34.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Palmer SL, Hassall T, Evankovich K, et al. Neurocognitive outcome 12 months following cerebellar mutism syndrome in pediatric patients with medulloblastoma. Neuro Oncol. 2010;12(12):1311–7.

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Parent E, Scott L. Pediatric posterior fossa syndrome (PFS): nursing strategies in the post-operative period. Can J Neurosci Nurs. 2011;33(2):24–31.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Beverly A. Wilson B.M.Sc., M.D., F.R.C.P.S.C. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Wilson, B.A., Black, K.L., Afzal, S. (2015). Supportive Care. In: Scheinemann, K., Bouffet, E. (eds) Pediatric Neuro-oncology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1541-5_22

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1541-5_22

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-1540-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-1541-5

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics