Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Modulation, Detection, and Coding for Free-space Optical (FSO) Communications

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Book cover Advanced Free Space Optics (FSO)

Part of the book series: Springer Series in Optical Sciences ((SSOS,volume 186))

Abstract

The process of modulation consists of mapping the information onto magnetic medium (a carrier). There are mainly three parameters of the carrier which can be varied to perform the modulation process for mapping the information into changes in either the amplitude, phase, or frequency of the carrier. The result of this modulation process is amplitude, phase, and frequency modulations, respectively. Demodulation is the reverse process of removing the carrier signal to obtain the original signal waveform (and thus the message/information) back.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. X. Fuquin, Digital Modulation Techniques (Artech House, Boston, 2000)

    Google Scholar 

  2. B.E.A. Saleh, M.C. Teich, Fundamentals of Photonics (Wiley, New York, 1991)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  3. H.A. Haus, Electromagnetic Noise and Quantum Optical Measurements (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2000)

    Book  MATH  Google Scholar 

  4. M.A. Al-Habash, L.C. Andrews, R.L. Phillips, Mathematical model for the irradiance probability density function of a laser beam propagating through turbulent media. Opt. Eng. 40, 1544–1562 (2001)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. D.O. Caplan, Laser communication transmitter and receiver design, in Free-space Laser Communications: Principles and Advances, ed. by A.K. Majumdar, J.C. Ricklin (Springer, New York, 2008), pp. 109–246

    Google Scholar 

  6. A.K. Majumdar, Free-space laser communication performance in the atmospheric channel, in Free-Space Laser Communication: Principles and Advances, ed. by A.K. Majumdar, J. C. Ricklin (Springer, New York, 2008)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  7. A.K. Majumdar, W.C. Brown, Atmospheric turbulence effects on the performance of multi-gigabit downlink ppm laser communications. Proc. SPIE 1218, 568–584. (1990) (Free-space laser communication technologies II)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  8. T. Ohtsuki, Multiple-subcarrier modulation in optical wireless communications, IEEE Commun. Mag. 3, 74–79 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. O.P. Wasiu, Thesis Ph.D, University of Northumbria at Newcastle, September 2009

    Google Scholar 

  10. L.C. Andrews, R.L. Phillips, Laser Beam Propagation through Random Media (SPIE Optical Engineering, Bellingham, 2005)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  11. W. Hanling, Y. Haixing, L. Xinyang, Performance analysis a bit error rate for free space optical communication with tip-tilt compensation based on gamma-gamma distribution. Opt Appl. 39(3), 533–545 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  12. A.A. Farid, S. Hranilovic, Link reliability range and rate optimization for free-space optical channels, conTEL 2009. 10th International conference on Telecommunications Zagreb, Croatia, 2009, pp. 19–23

    Google Scholar 

  13. Y.I. Xiang, L.I.R. Zengji, Y.U.E. Peng, S. Tao, BER Performance Analysis for M-ary PPM over Gamma-Gamma atmospheric turbulence channels, in Wireless Communications Networking and Mobile Computing (WiCOM), ISBN: 978-1-4244-3709, IEEE Conference, 23–25 Sept 2010

    Google Scholar 

  14. The Wolfram function site, 1998–2014 Wolfram Research, Inc. http://functions.Wolfram.com

  15. J. Li, J.Q. Liu, D.P. Taylor, Optical communication using subcarrier PSK intensity modulation through atmospheric turbulence channels. IEEE Trans. Commun. 55(8), 1598–1606 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. L.C. Andrews, R.L. Phillips, Y.C. Hopen, Laser Beam Scintillation with Application (SPIE, Bellingham, 2001)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  17. W.O. Popoola, Z. Ghassemlooy, BPSK Subcarrier Intensity Modulated Free-Space Optical Communications in Atmospheric Turbulence. J. Lightwave Technol. 27(8), 967–973 (2009)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  18. W.O. Popoola, Z. Ghassemlooy, E. Leitgeb, Free-space optical communication using subcarrier modulation in gamma-gamma atmospheric turbulence, in 9th International conference on Transparent optical Networks (ICTON’07), Rome. Italy 3, 2007, pp. 156–160

    Google Scholar 

  19. H. Simon, Digital Communications (Wiley, New York, 1988)

    Google Scholar 

  20. S.Klar Bernard, Digital Communications: Fundamentals and Applications (PTR Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 1988)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  21. S. Bendetto, R. Gaudino, P. Poggiolini, Direct detection of optical digital transmission based on polarization shift keying modulation. IEEE Sel. Areas Commun. 13, 531–542 (1995)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. J.A. Anguita, I.B. Djordjevic, M.A. Neifeld, B.V. Vasic, Shannon capacities and error-correction codes for optical atmospheric turbulent channels. J Opt. Netw. 4(9), 586–601 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. S.G. Lambert, W.L. Casey, Laser Communications in Space (Artech House, Boston, 1995)

    Google Scholar 

  24. I.S. Reed, G. Solomon, Polynomial codes over certain finite fields. J Soc. Ind. Appl. Math. 8, 300–304 (1960)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  25. I.B. Djordjevic, W. Ryan, B. Vasic, Coding for Optical Channels (Springer-Verlag, New York, 2010)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  26. M. Mansour, Implementation of LDPC decoders, presented at the IEEE communication Theory Workshop, Park City, Utah, 13–15 June 2005

    Google Scholar 

  27. C. Berrou, A. Glavieux, Near optimum error connecting coding and decoding: Turbo-codes. IEEE Trans. Commun. 44, 1261–1271, (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. X. Fang, K. Ali, C. Patrice, B. Salah, Channel coding and time-diversity for optical wireless links. Opt. Express. 17(2), 872–887 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Z. Xiaoming, M.Kahn Joseph, Communication techniques and coding for atmospheric turbulence channels, in Free-Space Laser Communications: Principles and Advances, ed. by A.K. Majumdar, J.C. Ricklin (Springer, Berlin, 2008), pp. 303–345

    Google Scholar 

  30. Z. Wang, W.-D. Zhong, S. Fu, C. Lin, Performance comparison of different modulation formats over free-space optical (FSO) turbulence links with space diversity reception technique, IEEE Photonics J. 1(6), 277–285 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. E. Hu, K. Wong, M. Marhic, L.G. Kazovsky, K. Shimizu, N. Nikuchi, 4-level Direct-Detection Polarization Shift-Keying (DD-PolSK) system with Phase Modulators, in optical Fiber Conference (OFC), 2003

    Google Scholar 

  32. T.M. cover, J.A. Thomas, Elements of Information Theory (Wiley-Interscience, New Jersey, 1991)

    Google Scholar 

  33. A. Papoulis, Probability Random Variables, Chapter 6 Two Random Variables and Stotachastic Processes (WCB/McGraw Hill, 1991)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 105 W. Mojave Rose Ave., 93555, Ridgecrest, CA, USA

    Arun K. Majumdar

Authors
  1. Arun K. Majumdar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Majumdar, A. (2015). Modulation, Detection, and Coding for Free-space Optical (FSO) Communications. In: Advanced Free Space Optics (FSO). Springer Series in Optical Sciences, vol 186. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0918-6_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0918-6_3

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-0917-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-0918-6

  • eBook Packages: Physics and AstronomyPhysics and Astronomy (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation