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Digenetic Trematodes pp 293–327Cite as

Diagnosis of Human Trematode Infections

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Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 766))

Abstract

Digenetic trematodes are a major group of human parasites affecting a large number of humans, especially in endemic foci. Over 100 species have been reported infecting humans, including blood, lung, liver, and intestinal parasites. Traditionally, the trematode infections have been diagnosed by parasitological methods based on the detection and the identification of the eggs in different clinical samples. However, this is complicated due to the morphological similarity between eggs of different trematode species and other factors such as lack of sensitivity or ectopic locations of the parasites. Moreover, the problem is currently aggravated due to migratory flows, international travels, international trade of foods, and changes in the alimentary habits. Although several efforts have been made for the development of immunological and molecular techniques, the detection of eggs through parasitological techniques remains as the gold standard for the diagnosis of trematodiases. In the present chapter, we review the current status of knowledge on diagnostic techniques used when examining feces, urine, and sputum and also analyze most relevant characteristics used to identify eggs.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the project PROMETEO/2009/081 of Conselleria d’Educació, Generalitat Valenciana (Valencia, Spain), by project SN07.A126 of Cooperación al Desarrollo de la Universitat de València (Valencia, Spain), and by project RD12/0018/0013 of the Red de Investigación de Centros de Enfermedades Tropicales, Ministry of Health and Consumption (Madrid, Spain).

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  1. Departamento de Biología Celular y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, Burjassot, 46100, Valencia, Spain

    J. Guillermo Esteban, Carla Muñoz-Antoli & Rafael Toledo

  2. Infectious & Tropical Diseases, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, 650 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1772, USA

    Lawrence R. Ash

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Correspondence to J. Guillermo Esteban .

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    Rafael Toledo

  2. Department of Biology, Lafayette College, Easton, Pennsylvania, USA

    Bernard Fried

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Esteban, J.G., Muñoz-Antoli, C., Toledo, R., Ash, L.R. (2014). Diagnosis of Human Trematode Infections. In: Toledo, R., Fried, B. (eds) Digenetic Trematodes. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 766. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0915-5_9

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