Abstract
Diabetes and chronic kidney disease lead to excess cardiovascular disease. Together these two entities have even more cardiovascular risk leading to excess morbidity and mortality. In fact, adverse cardiovascular outcomes are significantly more likely than end stage renal disease (ESRD) in patients with diabetic nephropathy. These diseases (diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and cardiovascular diseases) are growing major public health problems as illustrated by the prevalence and costs illustrated in Fig. 11.1. This chapter will review selected aspects of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetic nephropathy. Because there is abundant literature in these areas, references are only selective and representative.
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Hamm, L.L., Thethi, T.K., Hering-Smith, K.S. (2014). Cardiovascular Disease in Diabetic Nephropathy. In: Lerma, E., Batuman, V. (eds) Diabetes and Kidney Disease. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0793-9_11
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0793-9_11
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