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From Genetic Abnormalities to Pathophysiological Mechanisms

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Abstract

Maintenance of an appropriate zona glomerulosa cell membrane potential is crucial for the regulation of aldosterone biosynthesis. Cell membrane depolarization is one of the main triggers for the chain of intracellular events that ultimately leads to increased aldosterone biosynthesis. Potassium channels play a key role in the maintenance of the membrane resting potential of zona glomerulosa cells. Among the different K+ channels, the TASK (TWIK-related acid-sensitive potassium) channels are highly expressed in the adrenal cortex. Their role in the regulation of aldosterone biosynthesis has been highlighted by the analysis of different mouse models of TASK channel invalidation. Recently, mutations in different genes coding for proteins involved in the regulation of the zona glomerulosa cell membrane potential and ionic homeostasis have been identified in tumoral (somatic) DNA from sporadic aldosterone-producing adenoma and in germline DNA from patients with familial hyperaldosteronism. Although little is known about their specific function in the adrenal gland, in this chapter we describe their structure and function and discuss, based on the knowledge in other tissues and published work, the role of these proteins in normal aldosterone production and in the pathogenesis of primary aldosteronism (PA).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. INSERM, UMRS_970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France

    Maria-Christina Zennaro & Sheerazed Boulkroun

  2. University Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France

    Maria-Christina Zennaro & Sheerazed Boulkroun

  3. Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Service de Génétique, Paris, France

    Maria-Christina Zennaro & Sheerazed Boulkroun

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  1. Maria-Christina Zennaro
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Correspondence to Maria-Christina Zennaro .

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  1. Department of Surgery, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden

    Per Hellman

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Zennaro, MC., Boulkroun, S. (2014). From Genetic Abnormalities to Pathophysiological Mechanisms. In: Hellman, P. (eds) Primary Aldosteronism. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0509-6_5

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