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Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Psychiatric Disorders

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Studies on Psychiatric Disorders

Abstract

Psychiatric disorders represent a large class of medical disorders with unclear etiologies and limited effective treatments. Mitochondrial dysfunction is particularly interesting as it can manifest a wide variety of symptoms including abnormalities in central nervous system functioning with focal neurological, cognitive, behavioral, and psychiatric symptoms. Evidence has started to accumulate that mitochondrial dysfunction plays a role in schizophrenia, major depression, bipolar disorder, personality/mood disorders, Alzheimer’s disease, and autism spectrum disorders. The prevalence of mitochondrial dysfunction in these disorders is not clear. Studies reporting laboratory testing for the identification of mitochondrial dysfunction and treatments in these disorders are generally lacking. Notably, the identification of mitochondrial dysfunction in psychiatric conditions could lead to the development of better medications and other treatments for these conditions that target specific metabolic abnormalities. Although the evidence for mitochondrial dysfunction in psychiatric disorders is increasing, additional studies are warranted.

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Abbreviations

ADP:

Adenosine diphosphate

ASD:

Autism spectrum disorder

ATP:

Adenosine triphosphate

CNS:

Central nervous system

ETC:

Electron transport chain

FADH2 :

Flavin adenine dinucleotide

GSH:

Glutathione

MD:

Mitochondrial disorder

MELAS:

Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes

mtDNA:

Mitochondrial DNA

NAC:

N-acetylcysteine

NADH:

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

nDNA:

Nuclear DNA

OCD:

Obsessive-compulsive disorder

POLG1:

Polymerase gamma-1

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

TCA:

Tricarboxylic acid

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Rossignol Medical Center, 16251 Laguna Canyon Road Suite 175, Irvine, CA, 92618, USA

    Daniel A. Rossignol M.D., FAAFP

  2. Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72202, USA

    Richard E. Frye M.D., Ph.D.

Authors
  1. Daniel A. Rossignol M.D., FAAFP
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  2. Richard E. Frye M.D., Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Daniel A. Rossignol M.D., FAAFP .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Psychiatry of the Chair of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland

    Anna Dietrich-Muszalska

  2. Department of Neurochemistry, New York State Institute for Basic Research, Staten Island, New York, USA

    Ved Chauhan

  3. Departments of Psychiatry and Physiology & Biophysics, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada

    Sylvain Grignon

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Rossignol, D.A., Frye, R.E. (2015). Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Psychiatric Disorders. In: Dietrich-Muszalska, A., Chauhan, V., Grignon, S. (eds) Studies on Psychiatric Disorders. Oxidative Stress in Applied Basic Research and Clinical Practice. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0440-2_12

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