Abstract
The first determination of the seismic moment was made by Aki (1966) for the Niigata earthquake of 1964. Since then, it has become the single most important source parameter used to characterize the strength of earthquake sources. Several methods are currently used in order to compute seismic moments from long and short period P- and S-waves (see, for example, Kikuchi and Kanamori, 1982; Ruff and Kanamori, 1983; Houston and Kanamori, 1986) and from long period surface waves (see, for example, Dziewonski et al., 1982; Monfret and Romanowicz, 1986). The observed high frequency waveforms from large earthquakes are very complex and it is sometimes difficult to determine the seismic moment from time domain studies. Furthermore, because of the limited bandpass of most of the standard instruments it is easy to miss low frequency components that would contribute significantly to the moment of the earthquake. For this reason, the spectral method in which the observed spectra are corrected for instrument response is probably a more reliable method for estimating seismic moments. Of course, if the instrument response of the seismograph does not include the corner frequency in its bandpass the recovered moment will be wrong. This difficulty has been invoked several times in order to explain differences between seismic moments determined from surface wave analyses, and from body wave studies.
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Bezzeghoud, M., Deschamps, A., Madariaga, R. (1989). Broad-Band P-Wave Signals and Spectra from Digital Stations. In: Cassinis, R., Nolet, G., Panza, G.F. (eds) Digital Seismology and Fine Modeling of the Lithosphere. Ettore Majorana International Science Series. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-6759-6_15
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-6759-6_15
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