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Adsorption

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Abstract

Recently, various aspects of the gas/solid surface interaction have been studied with great success with the aid of modern experimental techniques. However, no marked progress has occurred in the study of the thermodynamic properties of adsorption. Only a limited number of cases19,29,60,75,94 are known in which the molecular image of adsorption has been elucidated from analysis of the thermodynamic properties. The main difficulties arise from surface contamination and surface heterogeneity. Two sources of surface contamination are considered. One is due to gaseous impurities, which are preferentially adsorbed, or which reduce or oxidize the surface of the adsorbent. The trouble caused by this type of contamination has been greatly reduced by modern vacuum techniques. Another source of contamination is the surface accumulation of impurities originally contained in the bulk of the solid31,53,102. At the present time, this problem is difficult to solve, and efforts are required to investigate the surface composition of adsorbents in their working state. Surface heterogeneity originates not only from impurities but also from structural defects, i.e. point defects, dislocations, steps, kinks and edges. Apart from point defects, the concentration of structural defects cannot be quantitatively or thermodynamically controlled. The divergence of experimental data from different laboratories may be ascribed mainly to such surface heterogeneity. However, if the preparation and treatment of an adsorbent are strictly controlled, not only in one’s own laboratory but also internationally, reproducible data can be obtained.

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Takaishi, T. (1968). Adsorption. In: Le Neindre, B., Vodar, B. (eds) Experimental Thermodynamics Volume II. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-6569-1_30

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