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The Geophysics of Sea Ice pp 9–164Cite as

The Growth, Structure, and Properties of Sea Ice

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Abstract

On the geophysical scale sea ice is a thin, fragile, dynamic, solid layer that forms under the thermodynamic conditions that occur near the Poles. There it serves as a boundary between two much larger fluid bodies — the ocean and the atmosphere. Typical scales of interest would be 103 to 106 m. In the present paper we take a more detailed view, focusing on the ice itself at scales ranging between 100 and 10−3 m, with an occasional glimpse at a scale of 10−10 m. It is our purpose to help the reader understand the internal structure of sea ice, how this structure develops, and how it affects the bulk properties of the ice. Although this is a subject that has received little attention in comparison to similar studies of metals and ceramics, it is, in our view, very important, as many details in the behavior of sea ice are structurally controlled. The variations in structure are, in turn, determined by the environmental conditions under which the ice has formed.

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  1. Snow and Ice Branch, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, 72 Lyme Road, Hanover, New Hampshire, 03755, USA

    W. F. Weeks & S. F. Ackley

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  1. W. F. Weeks
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  1. University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA

    Norbert Untersteiner

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Weeks, W.F., Ackley, S.F. (1986). The Growth, Structure, and Properties of Sea Ice. In: Untersteiner, N. (eds) The Geophysics of Sea Ice. NATO ASI Series. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-5352-0_2

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