Skip to main content

Screening for mutations in cancer predisposition genes

  • Chapter
  • 87 Accesses

Abstract

This chapter is concerned with bringing the fruits of research into the inherited cancer syndromes to the diagnostic table. Once the gene for a particular syndrome has been mapped or cloned, the information can be used to provide presymptomatic testing for families affected with the disorder. If the predisposing gene has been localized by genetic linkage (see Chapter 2) but has not yet been cloned, an indirect test can often be provided by analysing DNA from the family with DNA polymorphisms to determine which allele (or form) of the marker is linked to it. Once the gene has been cloned (Chapter 3), a direct test can generally be done by screening family members for mutations in the gene.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Saiki, R.K., Gelfand, D.H., Stoffel, S. et al. (1988) Primer-directed enzymatic amplification of DNA with a thermostable DNA polymerase. Science, 239, 487–91.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Dianzani, I., Camaschella, C, Ponzone, A. and Cotton, R.G.H. (1993) Dilemmas and progress in mutation detection. Trends Genet., 9 (12), 403–5.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Weber, J.L. and May, P.E. (1989) Abundant class of human DNA polymorphisms which can be typed using the polymerase chain reaction. Am. J. Hum. Genet., 44, 388–96.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Litt, M. and Luty, J. A. (1989) A hypervariable microsatellite revealed by in vitro amplification of a dinucleotide repeat within the cardiac muscle actin gene. Am. J. Hum. Genet., 44, 397–401.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Mathew, C.G.P., Easton, D.F., Nakamura, Y. et al. (1991) Presymptomatic screening for multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A with linked DNA markers. Lancet, 337, 7–11.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Haliassos, A., Chomel, J., Tesson, A. et al. (1989) Modification of enzymatically amplified DNA for the detection of point mutations. Nucleic Acids Res., 17, 3606.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Conner, B.J., Reyes, A.A., Morin, C. et al. (1983) Detection of sickle cell βs-globin allele by hybridization with synthetic oligonucleotides. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 80, 278–82.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Saiki, R.K., Bugawan, T.L., Horn, G.T. et al. (1986) Analysis of enzymatically amplified β-globin and HLA-DQα DNA with allele-specific oligonucleotide probes. Nature, 324, 163–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Saiki, R.K., Walsh, P.S., Levenson, C.H. and Erlich, H.A. (1989) Genetic analysis of amplified DNA with immobilized sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 86, 6230–4.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Newton, C.R., Graham, A., Heptinstall, L.E. et al. (1989) Analysis of any point mutation in DNA. The amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS). Nucleic Acids Res., 17, 2503–17.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Ferrie, M., Schwarz, M.J., Robertson, N.H. et al. (1992) Development, multiplexing, and application of ARMS tests for common mutations in the CFTR gene. Am. J. Hum. Genet., 51, 251–62.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Grompe, M. (1993) The rapid detection of unknown mutations in nucleic acids. Nature Genet., 5, 111–17.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Orita, M., Iwahana, H., Kanazawa, H. et al. (1989) Detection of polymorphisms of human DNA by gel electrophoresis as single-stranded conformation polymorphisms. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 86, 2766–70.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Orita, M., Suzuki, Y., Sekiya, T. and Hayashi, K. (1989) Rapid and sensitive detection of point mutations and DNA polymorphisms using the polymerase chain reaction. Genomics, 5, 874–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Yap, E.P.H. and McGee, J.O’D. (1993) Nonisotopic discontinuous phase single strand conformation polymorphism (DP-SSCP): genetic profiling of D-loop of human mitochondrial (mt) DNA. Nucleic Acids Res., 21 (17), 4155.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Sheffield, V.C., Beck, J.S., Kwitek, A.E. et al. (1993) The sensitivity of single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis for the detection of single base substitutions. Genomics, 16, 325–32.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Hayashi, K. and Yandell, D.W. (1993) How sensitive is PCR-SSCP? Hum. Mutat., 2, 338–46.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Keen, J., Lester, D., Inglehearn, C. et al. (1991) Rapid detection of single base mismatches as heteroduplexes on Hydrolink gels. Trends Genet., 7, 5.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. White, M.B., Carvalho, M., Derse, D. et al. (1992) Detecting single base substitutions as heteroduplex polymorphisms. Genomics, 12, 301–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Soto, D. and Sukumar, S. (1992) Improved detection of mutations in the p53 gene in human tumors as single-stranded conformation polymorphs and double-stranded heteroduplex DNA. PCR Methods and Applications, 2, 96–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Fischer, S.G. and Lerman, L.S. (1983) DNA fragments differing by single-base pair substitutions are separated in denaturing gradient gels: correspondence with melting theory. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 80, 1579–83.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Sheffield, V.C., Cox, D.R., Lerman, L.S. and Myers, R.M. (1989) Attachment of a 40-base-pair G+C-rich sequence (GC-clamp) to genomic DNA fragments by the polymerase chain reaction results in improved detection of single-base changes. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 86, 232–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Dlouhy, S.R., Wheeler, P., Trofatter, J. et al. (1991) Detection of point mutations by denaturing-gradient gel electrophoresis, in Methods in Molecular Biology, vol. 9, Protocols in Human Molecular Genetics, (ed. C. Mathew), Humana Press, Clifton, NJ, pp. 95–110.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  24. Cotton, R.G., Rodrigues, N.R. and Campbell, R.D. (1988) Reactivity of cytosine and thymine in single-base pair mismatches with hydroxy-lamine and osmium tetroxide and its application to the study of mutations. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 85, 4397–401.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Montandon, A.J., Green, P.M., Giannelli, F. and Bentley, D. (1989) Direct detection of point mutations by mismatch analysis: application to haemophilia B. Nucleic Acids Res., 17, 3347–58.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Saleeba, J.A., Ramus, S.J. and Cotton, R.G.H. (1992) Complete mutation detection using Unlabeled Chemical Cleavage. Hum. Mutat., 1, 63–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Haris, I.I., Green, P.M., Bentley, D.R. and Giannelli, F. (1994) Mutation detection by fluorescent chemical cleavage: application to haemophilia B. PCR Methods and Applications, 3, 268–71.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Condie, A., Eeles, R., Borresen, A.-L. et al. (1993) Detection of point mutations in the p53 gene: comparison of single-strand conformation polymorphism, constant dénaturant gel electrophoresis, and hydroxylamine and osmium tetroxide techniques. Hum. Mutat., 2, 58–66.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Sanger, F., Nicklen, S. and Coulsen, A.R. (1977) DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 74, 5463–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Hultman, T., Stahl, S., Homes, E. and Uhlen, M. (1989) Direct solid phase sequencing of genomic and plasmid DNA using magnetic beads as solid support. Nucleic Acids Res., 17, 4937–46.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Gyllensten, U.B. and Erlich, H.A. (1988) Generation of single-stranded DNA by the polymerase chain reaction and its application to direct sequencing of the HLA-DQA locus. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 85, 7652–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Chelly, J., Concordet, J.P., Kaplan, J.C. and Kahn, A. (1989) Illegitimate transcription: transcription of any gene in any cell type. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 86, 2617–21.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Roberts, R.G., Bobrow, M. and Bentley, D.R. (1992) Point mutations in the dystrophin gene. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 89, 2331–5.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Varesco, L., Gismondi, V., James, R. et al. (1993) Identification of APC gene mutations in Italian adenomatous polyposis coli patients by PCR-SSCP analysis. Am. J. Hum. Genet., 52, 280–5.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Roest, P.A., Roberts, R.G., Sugino, S. et al. (1993) Protein truncation test (PTT) for rapid detection of translation-terminating mutations. Hum. Molec. Genet., 2, 1719–21.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Powell, S.M., Peterson, G.M., Krush, A.J. et al. (1993) Molecular diagnosis of familial adenomatous polyposis. N. Engl. J. Med., 329, 1982–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1996 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Mathew, C.G. (1996). Screening for mutations in cancer predisposition genes. In: Eeles, R.A., Ponder, B.A.J., Easton, D.F., Horwich, A. (eds) Genetic Predisposition to Cancer. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-4501-3_26

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-4501-3_26

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-412-56580-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4899-4501-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics