Abstract
From 1964 to 1968 there were several attempts to place a helium-neon laser on a surveyor’s transit tripod and to use it for aligning various equipment used in heavy construction. The photograph of Figure 18–1 shows an early application of such a laser mounted on a transit as used for aligning a dredge in the construction of the Bay Area Rapid Transit tunnel under the San Francisco Bay. In this application the dredge operator knew he was in a position when he could stare directly into the vertically fanned-shaped beam. Since 1968 the variety of applications for alignment, leveling, and surveying has greatly increased. During this period experience with the control of the associated eye hazards has shown that such applications can be made relatively safe. None of the lasers used for these purposes in construction presents a skin hazard. They are normally helium-neon lasers whose output power is not more than 5 mW.
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Sliney, D., Wolbarsht, M. (1980). Safety with Lasers Used in Construction. In: Safety with Lasers and Other Optical Sources. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3596-0_18
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3596-0_18
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