Abstract
It is now accepted that AIDS is one of many clinical and pathological manifestations of an increasingly widespread infection due to the retrovirus, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). To understand the impact of this new virus on blood transfusion and blood products it is essential to realize that infection with HIV is persistent both in the individual and the community, and that the virus has already, within 5 years, attained epidemic proportions in sections of Western society, as well as in whole populations in Central Africa. There is also evidence that the infection is spreading rapidly in parts of South America, and reports that it has established itself in Eastern Europe and in Asia. As a result, any rational approach to the problem of HIV infection in blood and blood products must be grounded on a sound, up-to-date knowledge both of the natural history of HIV infection in the individual and of its epidemiology in the community from which the blood has been derived. In view of the very diverse origins of plasma used in the commercial manufacture of blood products the nearly universal spread of the virus is a particularly significant development. As will be shown in this chapter, screening tests for antibody to HIV (anti-HIV) have reached a remarkable level of accuracy and these tests go some way in ensuring the safety of blood and blood products; but they remain an indirect and insecure means of screening for HIV infection.
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Mortimer, P.P. (1987). Serological tests. In: Madhok, R., Forbes, C.D., Evatt, B.L. (eds) Blood, Blood Products — and AIDS —. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3394-2_7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3394-2_7
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