Abstract
Kraepelin (1896) introduced the term manic-depressive psychosis to designate a series of attacks of elation and depression with intervals of relative normality and a generally favorable prognosis. He regarded manic-depressive psychosis as an organic illness, which he distinguished from the less severe disturbances of mood that were later identified as neurotic, a distinction that traditionally rested on the factor of reality contact. What was called “neurotic depression” could be characterized as deep dysphoria, but the individual retained awareness of the surroundings and did not lose the capacity to carry on some semblance of normal daily activities. Psychotic depression, on the other hand, featured hallucinatory and delusional experiences and extreme withdrawal to the point of immobilization.
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Rieber, R.W., Vetter, H.J. (1995). Language and Cognition in the Affective Disorders. In: The Psychopathology of Language and Cognition. Cognition and Language. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1433-0_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1433-0_5
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