Abstract
The term Coelenterate includes two phylla, the Cnidaria and the Ctenophora. Typically, they are diploblastic organisms in which an ectoderm is separated from an endoderm by a gelatinous layer, the mesoglea. Ctenophora appear phylogenetically more advanced than Cnidaria. In Cnidaria the mesoglea is generally acellular and the muscle system consists mainly of myoepthelial cells. Ctenophores have differentiated true muscle cells embedded in the mesoglea. The phylogenetic significance of the presence of muscle cells in the mesoglea of Ctenophores is still debated.
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Bilbaut, A., Hernandez-Nicaise, ML., Meech, R.W. (1989). Ionic Currents in Ctenophore Muscle Cells. In: Anderson, P.A.V. (eds) Evolution of the First Nervous Systems. NATO ASI Series, vol 188. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0921-3_21
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