Abstract
It has long been recognized that the last millennium B.C. was a time of profound social change in central Europe (see Bintliff 1984a; Wells 1984 for recent discussions that include historical backgrounds). It was also the period of the gradual but steady spread of ironworking into central Europe and beyond into western and northern Europe, as well as of the gradual and steady improvement of ironworking technology. Scholars have long sought to link the social and technological developments.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Barker, G. 1985 Prehistoric Farming in Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Bartel, B. 1982 A historical review of ethnological and archaeological analyses of mortuary practices. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 1:32–58.
Binford, L.R. 1962 Archaeology as anthropology. American Antiquity 28:217–225.
Bintliff, J. 1984a Introduction. In European Social Evolution: Archaeological Perspectives. J. Bintliff (ed.); pp. 13–39. West Chiltington, Sussex: Chanctonbury Press.
Bintliff, J. 1984b Iron Age Europe in the context of social evolution from the Bronze Age through to historic times. In European Social Evolution: Archaeological Perspectives. J. Bintliff (ed.); pp. 157–225. West Chiltington, Sussex: Chanctonbury Press.
Boserup, E. 1965 The Conditions of Agricultural Growth: The Economics of Agrarian Change under Population Pressure. Chicago: Aldine
Bouzek, J. 1985 The beginnings of the Iron Age in Central Europe. Archeologicke Rozhledy 37:83–92.
Childe, V.G. 1925 The Dawn of European Civilization. London: Harmondsworth.
Childe, V.G. 1945 Directional changes in funerary practices during 50,000 years. Man 45:13–19.
Coles, J.M. 1977 Parade and display: experiments in Bronze Age Europe. In Ancient Europe and the Mediterranean. V. Markotic (ed.); pp. 51–58 Warminster: Aris and Phillips.
Ehrenreich, R. 1985 Trade, Technology and the Ironworking Community in the Iron Age of Southern Britain. Oxford: British Archaeological Reports, British Series 144.
Geselowitz, M.N. 1987 Technological Development and Social Change: Ironworking in Late Prehistoric Central Europe. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Harvard University.
Geselowitz M. N. n.d. The role of iron production in the formation of an ‘Iron Age economy’ in Central Europe. Research in Economic Anthropology 10: (in press).
Harding, A.F. 1984 Aspects of social evolution in the Bronze Age. In European Social Evolution: Archaeological Perspectives. J. Bintliff (ed.); pp. 135–145. Chiltington, West Sussex: Chanctonbury Press.
Lawrence, J.C.D. 1957 The Iteso: Fifty Years of Change in a Nilo-Hamitic Tribe of Uganda. London: Oxford University Press.
Lechtman, H., and S. Steinberg 1979 The history of technology: an anthropological point of view. In The History and Philosophy of Technology. G. Bugliarello and D.B. Doner (eds.); pp. 135–160. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
Lemonnier, P. 1986 The study of material culture today: toward an anthropology of technical systems. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 5:147–186.
Maddin, R. n.d. Some thoughts on the early hardening of iron. Paper presented before the International Symposium on Early Metallurgy, Beijing, 1986.
Pacey, A. 1983 The Culture of Technology. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
Pelto, P.J. 1973 The Snowmobile Revolution: Technology and Social Change in the Arctic. Menlo Park, Calif.: Benjamin/Cummings.
Pleiner, R. 1980 Early iron metallurgy in Europe. In The Coming of the Age of Iron. T.A. Wertime and J.D. Muhly (eds.); pp. 375–415. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Pleiner, R. 1981 Die Wege des Eisens nach Europa. In Frühes Eisen in Europa (Festschrift für W.U. Guyan); pp. 115–125. Schaffhausen.
Precourt, W.E. 1984 Mortuary practices and economic transaction: a hologeistic study. Research in Economic Anthropology 6:161–170.
Ray, A.J. 1978 History and archaeology of the northern fur trade. American Antiquity 43:26–34.
Rouse, I. 1986 Migrations in Prehistory. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Rowlands, M.J. 1984 Conceptualizing the European Bronze and Early Iron Age. In European Social Evolution: Archaeological Perspectives. J. Bintliff (ed.); pp. 147–156. West Chiltington, Sussex: Chanctonbury Press.
Service, E. 1962 Primitive Social Organization: An Evolutionary Perspective. New York: Random House.
Smith, C.S. 1981 A Search for Structure: Selected Essays on Science, Art, and History. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
Spicer, E.H., (ed.) 1952 Human Problems in Technological Change: A Casebook. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
Trigger, B. 1984 Archaeology at the crossroads: what’s new?. Annual Review of Anthropology 13:275–300.
Wallerstein, I. 1974 The Modern World System. London: Academic Press.
Wells, P.S. 1980 Culture Contact and Culture Change: Early Iron Age Central Europe and the Mediterranean World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Wells, P.S. 1981 The Emergence of an Iron Age Economy: The Mecklenburg Grave Groups from Hallstatt and Sticna. Mecklenburg Collection, Part III. Cambridge, Mass.: Peabody Museum, Harvard University, American School of Prehistoric Research, Bulletin 36.
Wells, P.S. 1984 Farms, Villages, and Cities: Commerce and Urban Origins in Late Prehistoric Europe. Ithica: Cornell University Press.
Wells, P.S. 1985 Mediterranean trade and culture change in Early Iron Age Central Europe. In Settlement and Society: Aspects of West European Prehistory in the Final Millennium B.C. J.V.S. Megaw and T.C. Champion (eds.); pp. 69–89. Leicester: Leicester University Press.
Wheeler, T.S., and R. Maddin 1980 Metallurgy and ancient man. In The Coming of the Age of Iron. T. A. Wertime and J.D. Muhly (eds.); pp. 99–126. New Haven: Yale University Press.
White, L.A. 1949 The Science of Culture. New York: Grove Press.
White, L., Jr. 1962 Medieval Technology and Social Change. London: Oxford University Press.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1988 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Geselowitz, M.N. (1988). Technology and Social Change: Ironworking in the Rise of Social Complexity in Iron Age Central Europe. In: Gibson, D.B., Geselowitz, M.N. (eds) Tribe and Polity in Late Prehistoric Europe. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0777-6_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0777-6_6
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4899-0779-0
Online ISBN: 978-1-4899-0777-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive