Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Handbook of Social Development pp 503–544Cite as

Psychosocial Response to Environment Change

  • Chapter

  • 666 Accesses

Part of the book series: Perspectives in Developmental Psychology ((PDPS))

Abstract

The inclusion of a chapter on psychosocial response to environment change among the elderly in this volume is a tribute to three decades of theoretical and applied research contributions in the areas of environmental psychology and social gerontology. Although initially challenged to provide explanations for eye opening, but somewhat misleading, early findings such as those suggesting that placement of elderly in institutions could dramatically shorten their lifespan (Carmargo & Preston, 1945; Josephy, 1949; Lieberman, 1961), the field has subsequently been marked by the development of theoretical models and methodological strategies to account for the impact of a variety of environmental changes on the physical and emotional well-being of the elderly.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Adams, R. G. (1985–1986). Emotional closeness and physical distance between friends: Implications for elderly women living in age-segregated and age-integrated settings. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 22, 55–76.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aizenberg, R., & Treas, J. (1985). The family in late life: Psychosocial and demographic considerations. In J. E. Birren & K. W. Schaie (Eds.), Handbook of the psychology of aging (pp. 169–189). New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.

    Google Scholar 

  • Aldrich, C. K., & Mendkoff, E. (1963). Relocation of the aged and disabled: A mortality study. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 11, 185–194.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Arling, G., Harkins, E. B., & Capitman, G. A. (1986). Institutionalization and personal control: A panel study of impaired older people. Research on Aging, 8, 38–56.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Avorn, J., & Langer, E. (1982). Induced disability in nursing home patients: A controlled trial. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 31, 137–143.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baltes, M. M., Kindermann, T., Reisenzein, R., & Schmid, U. (1987). Further observational data on the behavioral and social world of institutions for the aged. Psychology and Aging, 2, 390–403.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Baltes, M. M., & Reisenzein, R. (1986). The social world in long-term care institutions: Psychosocial control toward dependency? In M. M. Baltes & P. B. Baltes (Eds.), The psychology of control and aging (pp. 315–343). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bear, M. (1990). Social networks and health: Impact on returning home after entry into residential care homes. The Gerontologist, 30, 30–34.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bell, B. D. (1978). Disaster impact and response: Overcoming the thousand natural shocks. The Gerontologist, 18, 531–539.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Berkowitz, M. W., Waxman, R., & Yaffe, L. (1988). The effects of a resident self-help model on control, social involvement and self-esteem among the elderly. The Gerontologist, 28, 620–624.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Biggar, J. C. (1980). Who moved among the elderly, 1965-70. Research on Aging, 2, 73–91.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bohland, J. R., & Rowles, G. D. (1988). The significance of elderly migration to changes in elderly population concentration in the United States: 1960–1980. Journal of Gerontology, 43, S145–S152.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bolin, R., & Klenow, D. J. (1982–1983). Response of the elderly to disaster: An age-stratified analysis. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 16, 283–296.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bolin, R., & Klenow, D. J. (1988). Older people in disaster: A comparison of black and white victims. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 26, 29–43.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bonardi, E., Pencer, I., & Tourigny-Rivard, M. F. (1989). Observed changes in the functioning of nursing home residents after relocation. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 28, 295–304.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Borup, J. H. (1981). Relocation: Attitudes, information network and problems encounterd. The Gerontologist, 21, 501–511.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Borup, J. H. (1982). The effects of varying degrees of interinstitutional environmental change on long-term care patients. The Gerontologist, 22, 409–417.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Borup, J. H. (1983). Relocation mortality research: Assessment, reply, and the need to refocus on the issues. The Gerontologist, 23, 235–242.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Borup, J. H., & Gallego, D. T. (1981). Mortality as affected by interinstitutional relocation: Update and assessment. The Gerontologist, 21, 8–16.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Borup, J. H., Gallego, D., & Heffernan, P. (1979). Relocation and its effect on mortality. The Gerontologist, 19, 135–140.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bourestom, N., & Pastalan, L. (1981). The effects of relocation on the elderly: A reply to Borup, Gallego and Hefferman. The Gerontologist, 2, 4–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brand, F., & Smith, R. (1974). Life adjustment and relocation of the elderly. Journal of Gerontology, 29, 336–340.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brennan, P L., Moos, R. H., & Lemke, S. (1988). Preferences of older adults and experts for physical and architectural features of group living facilities. The Gerontologist, 28, 84–90.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brody, E. M., Dempsey, N. P., & Pruchno, R. A. (1990). Mental health of sons and daughters of the institutionalized aged. The Gerontologist, 30, 212–219.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Calkins, M. (1988). Design for dementia. Owings Mills, MD: National Health Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carmago, O, & Preston, G. H. (1945). What happens to patients who are hospitalized for the first time when over sixty-five? American Journal of Psychiatry, 102, 168–173.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carp, F. M. (1967). The impact of environment on old people. The Gerontologist, 7, 106–108.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Carp, F. M. (1977). Impact of improved living environment on health and life expectancy. The Gerontologist, 17, 242–249.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Carp, F., & Carp, A. (1984). A complimentary/congruence model of well-being on mental health for the community elderly. In I. Altaian & M. P Lawton (Eds.), Elderly people and their environment (pp. 279–336). New York: Plenum Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Carter, J. (1988). Elderly local mobility. Research on Aging, 10, 399–419.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chapman, N. J., & Beaudet, M. (1983). Environmental predictors of well-being for at-risk older adults in a mid-sized city. Journal of Gerontology, 38, 237–244.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chevan, A. (1987). Home-ownership in the older population. Research on Aging, 9, 226–255.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Coffman, T. L. (1981). Relocation and survival of institutionalized aged: A re-examination of the evidence. The Gerontologist, 21, 483–500.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coffman, T. L. (1983). Toward an understanding of geriatric relocation. The Gerontologist, 23, 453–459.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, E. S., & Poulshock, S. W. (1977). Societal response to mass relocation of the elderly. The Gerontologist, 17, 262–268.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, M. A., Tell, E. J., Batten, H. L., & Larson, M. J. (1988). Attitudes toward joining continuing care retirement communities. The Gerontologist, 28, 637–643.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, C. I., Teresi, J., & Holmes, D. (1985). Social networks and adaptation. The Gerontologist, 25, 297–304.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Crimmins, E. M., & Ingegneri, D. G. (1990). Interaction and living arrangements of older parents and their children. Research on Aging, 12, 3–35.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Csank, J. Z., & Zweig, J. P. (1980). Relative mortality of chronically ill geriatric patients with organic brain damage, before and after relocation. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 28, 76–83.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Danigelis, N. L., & Fengler, A. P. (1990). Homesharing: How social exchange helps elders live at home. The Gerontologist, 30, 162–170.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dolinsky, A. L., & Rosenwaike, I. (1988). The role of demographic factors in the institutionalization of the elderly. Research on Aging, 10, 235–257.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Eckert, J. K., & Haug, M. (1984). The impact of forced residential relocation on the health of the elderly hotel dweller. Journal of Gerontology, 39, 735–755.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eckert, J. K., & Murrey, M. (1984). Alternative modes of living for the elderly. In I. Altman, M. P. Lawton, & J. Wohlwill (Eds.), Human behavior and the environment: The elderly and the physical environment (pp. 95–128). New York: Plenum Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Elwell, F. (1986). The effect of single-patient transfers on institutional dependency. The Gerontologist, 26, 83–90.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Erlich, P., Erlich, I., & Woehlke, P. (1982). Congregate housing for the elderly: Thirteen years later. The Gerontologist, 22, 399–403.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ferrari, N. (1963). Freedom of choice. Social Work, 8 104–106.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferraro, K. F. (1982). The health consequences of relocation among the aged in the community. Journal of Gerontology, 38, 90–96.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Festinger, L. (1957). A theory of cognitive dissonance. Stanford: Stanford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fillenbaum, G. G., & Wallman, L. M. (1984). Change in household composition of the elderly: A preliminary investigation. Journal of Gerontology, 39, 342–349.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Flynn, C. G., Longino, C. E., Wiseman, R. E, & Biggar, J. C. (1985). The redistribution of America’s older population: Major national migration patterns for three census decades, 1960–1980. The Gerontologist, 25, 292–296.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • French, J. P R., Rodgers, W, & Cobbs, S. (1974). Adjustment as person-environment fit. In G. V. Coelho, D. A. Hamburg, & J. E. Adams (Eds.), Coping and adaptation (pp. 316–333). New York: Basic Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Friedsam, H. J. (1960). Older persons as disaster casualties. Journal of Health and Human Behavior, 1, 269–273.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Friedsam, H. (1961). Reactions of older persons to disaster caused losses: An hypothesis of relative deprivation. The Gerontologist, 1, 34–37.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Friedsam, H. J. (1962). Older persons in disaster. In G. W. Baker & D. W Chapman (Eds.), Man and society in disaster (pp. 151–182). New York: Basic Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gelfand, D. E. (1986). Assistance to the new Russian elderly. The Gerontologist, 26, 444–448.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gober, P., & Zonn, L. E. (1983). Kin and elderly amenity migration. The Gerontologist, 23, 288–294.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Golant, S. M. (1984). The effects of residential and activity behaviors on old people’s environmental experiences. In I. Altman, M. P Lawton, & J. E. Wohlwill (Eds.), Elderly people and the environment (pp. 239–278). New York: Plenum Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Golant, S. M. (1990). The metropolitanization and suburbanization of the U. S. elderly population: 1970–1988. The Gerontologist, 30, 80–85.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Haddad, L. B. (1981). Intra-institutional relocation: Measured impact upon geriatric patients. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 29, 86–88.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Happel, S. K., Hogan, T. D., & Pflanz, E. (1988). The economic impact of elderly winter residents in the Phoenix area. Research on Aging, 10, 119–133.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harris, P. B., Kahana, E., & Kahana, B. (1989). Risk taking and coping effects as buffers of stress for newly arrived relocators. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Gerontological Society of America, Minneapolis.

    Google Scholar 

  • Helson, H. (1964). Adaptation level theory. New York: Harper & Row.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heumann, L. H (1988). Assisting the frail elderly living in subsidized housing for the independent elderly: A profile of the management of its support priorities. The Gerontologist, 28, 625–631.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hogan, T. D. (1987). Determinants of the seasonal migration of the elderly to sunbelt states. Research on Aging, 9, 115–133.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Horowitz, M. J., & Schulz, R. (1983). The relocation controversy: Criticism and commentary on five recent studies. The Gerontologist, 23, 229–233.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Huerta, E, & Horton, R. (1978). Coping behavior of elderly flood victims. The Gerontologist, 18, 541–546.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hunt, M. D., & Roll, M. K. (1987). Simulation in familiarizing older people with an unknown building. The Gerontologist, 27, 169–175.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hutchins, G. L., & Norris, F. H. (1989). Life change in the disaster recovery period. Environment and Behavior, 21, 33–56.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hutton, J. (1976). The differential distribution of death in disaster: A test of theoretical propositions. Mass Emergencies, 1, 254–261.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jaffe, D. J., & Howe, E. (1988). Agency-assisted shared housing: The nature of programs and matches. The Gerontologist, 28, 318–324.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jirovec, R. L., Jirovec, M. M., & Bosse, R. (1984). Environmental determinants of neighborhood satisfaction among urban elderly men. The Gerontologist, 24, 261–265.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Josephy, H. (1949). Analysis of mortality and causes of death in a mental hospital. American Journal of Psychiatry, 106, 185–189.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kahana, E. (1975). A congruence model of person-environment interaction. In P. Windley & G. Ernst (Eds.), Theory development in environment and aging (pp. 181–214). Washington, DC: The Gerontological Society of America.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kahana, E. (1982). A congruence model of person-environment interaction. In M. P. Lawton, B. G. Windley, & T. O. Byerts (Eds.), Aging and the environment: Theoretical approaches (pp. 97–120). New York: Garland Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kahana, E., & Kahana, B. (1983). Environmental continuity, futurity, and adaptation of the aged. In G. D. Rowles & R. J. Ohta (Eds.), Aging and milieu: Environmental perspectives on growing old (pp. 205–228). New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kahana, E., Kahana, B., & Riley, K. (1989). Person-environment transactions relevant to control and helplessness in institutional settings. In P. S. Fry (Ed.), Psychological perspectives of helplessness and control in the elderly (pp. 121–153). North-Holland: Elsevier.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kahana, E. E., Kahana, B., & Young, R. (1987). Strategies of coping and post institutional outcomes. Research on Aging, 9, 182–199.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kahana, E., Liang, J., & Felton, B. (1980). Alternative models of person-environment fit: Prediction of morale in three homes for the aged. Journal of Gerontology, 35, 584–595.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kamo, Y. (1988). A note on elderly living arrangements in Japan and the United States. Research on Aging, 10, 297–305.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kasteler, J., Gray, R., & Carruth, M. (1968). Involuntary relocation of the elderly. The Gerontologist, 8, 276–279.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kendig, H. (1976). Neighborhood conditions of the aged and local government. The Gerontologist, 1976, 148–156.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kiefer, C. W., Kim, S., Choi, K., Kim, L. Kim, B-L., Shon, S., & Kim, T. (1985). Adjustment problems of Korean American elderly. The Gerontologist, 25, 477–482.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kilijanek, T. S., & Drabek, T. E. (1979). Assessing long term impacts of a natural disaster: A focus on the elderly. The Gerontologist, 19, 555–566.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Killian, E. C. (1970). Effects of geriatric transfer on mortality rates. Social Work, 15, 19–26.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kleemeier, R. W. (1959). Behavior and the organization of the bodily and the external environment. In J. E. Birren (Ed.), Handbook of aging and the individual (pp. 400–451). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kleemeier, R. W. (Ed.). (1961). Aging and leisure. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Knight, B., & Walker, D. L. (1985). Toward a definition of alternatives to institutionalization for the frail elderly. The Gerontologist, 25, 358–363.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kowalski, N. C. (1981). Institutional relocation: Current programs and applied approaches. The Gerontologist, 21, 512–519.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krivo, L. J., & Mutchler, J. E. (1989). Elderly persons living alone: The effect of community context on living arrangements. Journal of Gerontology, 44, S54–S62.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Krout, J. A. (1983). Seasonal migration of the elderly. The Gerontologist, 23, 295–299.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • LaGrange, R. L., & Ferraro, K. F. (1987). The elderl/s fear of crime. Research on Aging, 9, 372–391.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • LaGreca, A. J., Streib, G. E, & Folts, W. E. (1985). Retirement stages and their life communities. Journal of Gerontology, 40, 211–218.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Langer, E. J., & Rodin, J. (1976). The effects of choice and enhanced personal responsibility for the aged: A field experiment in an institutional setting. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 34, 191–198.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lawton, M. P. (1980). Environment and aging. Monterey, CA: Brooks-Cole.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lawton, M. P. (1981a). An ecological view of living arrangements. The Gerontologist, 21, 59–66.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lawton, M. P. (1981b). Community supports for the aged. Journal of Social Issues, 37, 102–115.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lawton, M. P. (1983). Environment and other determinants of well-being in older people. The Gerontologist, 23, 349–357.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lawton, M. P. (1985a). The elderly in context: Perspectives from environmental psychology and gerontology. Environment and Behavior, 17, 501–519.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lawton, M. P. (1985b). Housing and living environments of older people. In R. H. Binstock & E. Shanas (Eds.), Handbook of aging and the social sciences (pp. 450–478). New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lawton, M. P (1989a). Knowledge resources and gaps in housing for the aged. In D. Tillson (Ed.), Aging in place (pp. 287–309). Glenview, IL: Scott Foresman.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lawton, M. P. (1989b). Environmental proactivity and affect in older people. In S. Spacapan & S. Oskamp (Eds.), Social psychology and aging (pp. 135–164). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lawton, M. P. (1989c). Behavior-relevant ecological factors. In K. W. Schaie & C. Schooler (Eds.), Social structure and the psychological aging process (pp. 57–78). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lawton, M. P. (1990). Residential environment and self-directedness among older people. American Psychologist, 45, 638–640.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lawton, M. P., & Cohen, J. (1974). The generality of housing impact on the well-being of older people. Journal of Gerontology, 28, 194–204.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lawton, M. P., & Hoffman, L. (1984). Neighborhood reactions to elderly housing. Journal of Housing for the Elderly, 2, 41–53.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lawton, M. P., Moss, M., & Grimes, M. (1985). The changing service needs of older tenants in planned housing. The Gerontologist, 25, 258–264.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lawton, M. P., & Nahemow, L. (1973). Ecology and adaptation in the aging process. In C. Eisdorfer & M. P. Lawton (Eds.), Psychology of the aging process (pp. 619–674). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lawton, M. P. & Nahemow, L. (1979). Social areas and well-being of tenants in planned housing for the elderly. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 14, 463–484.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lawton, M. P., Nahemow, L., & Yeh, T. (1980). Neighborhood environment and the well-being of older tenants in planned housing. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 11, 211–227.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lawton, M. P., & Simon, B. (1968). The ecology of social relationships in housing for the elderly. The Gerontologist, 8, 108–115.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lawton, M. P., & Yaffe, S. (1970). Mortality, morbidity, and voluntary change of residence by older people. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 18, 823–831.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lawton, M. P., & Yaffe, S. (1980). Victimization and fear of crime in elderly public housing tenants. Journal of Gerontology, 35, 768–779.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lazarus, R. (1966). Psychological stress and the coping process. New York: McGraw-Hill.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lemke, S., & Moos, R. H. (1981). The suprapersonal environments of sheltered care settings. Journal of Gerontology, 36, 233–243.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lewin, K. (1951). Field theory in social science. New York: Harper & Row.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lieberman, M. A. (1961). The relationship of mortality rates to entrance to a home for the aged. Geriatrics, 16, 515–519.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lieberman, M. A. (1974). Relocation research and social policy. The Gerontologist, 14, 494–501.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lieberman, M. A., & Tobin, S. S. (1983). The experience of old age. New York: Basic Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lifton, R. J., & Olson, E. (1976). The human meaning of total disaster. Psychiatry, 39, 1–18.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Linn, M. W., Linn, B. S., Stein, S., & Stein, E. M. (1989). Effect of nursing home staff training on quality of patient survival. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 28, 305–315.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Litwak, E. (1985). Helping the elderly: The complementary roles of informal networks and formal systems. New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Litwak, E., & Longino, C. F. (1987). Migration patterns among the elderly: A developmental perspective. The Gerontologist, 27, 266–272.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Long, L., & Hanson, K. (1979). Reasons for interstate migration: Jobs, retirement, climate and other infuences. Washington, DC: U.S. Bureau of the Census.

    Google Scholar 

  • Longino, C. F., & Biggar, J. C. (1982). The impact of population redistribution on service delivery. The Gerontologist, 22, 153–159.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Longino, C. E., Wiseman, R. E., Biggar, J. C., & Flynn, C. B. (1984). Aged metropolitan-non-metropolitan migration streams over three census decades. Journal of Gerontology, 39, 721–729.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Magaziner, J., Cadigan, D. A., Hebel, J. R., & Parry, R. E. (1988). Health and living arrangements among older women: Does living alone increase the risk of illness? Journal of Gerontology, 43, M127–M133.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Maiden, R. J. (1987). Learned helplessness and depression: A test of the reformulated model. Journal of Gerontology, 42, 60–64.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Marans, R. W., Hunt, M. E., & Vakalo, K. W. (1984). Retirement communities. In I. Altaian, J. Wohlwill, & M. P. Lawton (Eds.), Human behavior and the environment: The elderly and the physical environment (pp. 57–93). New York: Plenum Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Markus, E., Blenker, M., Bloom, M., & Downs, T. (1972). Some factors and their association with post-relocation mortality among institutionalized aged persons. Journal of Gerontology, 27, 376–382.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Martin, H. W., Hoppe, S. K., Larson, C. L., & Leon, R. L. (1987). Texas snowbirds. Research on Aging, 9, 134–147.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Melick, M. E., & Logue, J. N. (1985–1986). The effect of disaster on health and well-being of older women. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 21, 27–38.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mirotznik, J., & Ruskin, A. P (1985). Inter-institutional relocation and its effects on psychosocial status. The Gerontologist, 25, 265–270.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Monahan, D. J., & Greene, V L. (1982). The impact of seasonal population fluctuations on service delivery. The Gerontologist, 22, 160–163.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Moore, H. (1958). Tornadoes over Texas. Austin: University of Texas Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moore, H., & Friedsam, H. (1959). Reported emotional stress following a disaster. Social Forces, 38, 135–139.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moos, R., & Lemke, W. (1980). Assessing the physical and architectural features of sheltered care settings. Journal of Gerontology, 35, 571–583.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Moos, R. H., & Lemke, S. (1984). Supportive residential settings for older people. In I. Altaian, M. P. Lawton, & J. Wohlwill (Eds.), Human behavior and the environment: The elderly and the physical environment (pp. 159–190). New York: Plenum Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moos, R. H., & Lemke, S. (1985). Specialized living environments for people. In J. E. Birren & K. W. Schaie (Eds.), Handbook of the psychology of aging (pp. 864–889). New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moos, R. H., Lemke, S., & David, T. G. (1987). Priorities for design and management in residential settings for the elderly. In V. Régnier & J. Pyroos (Eds.), Housing the aged: Design directives and policy considerations (pp. 179–205). New York: Elsevier.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mor, V., Sherwood, S., & Gutkin, C. (1986). A national study of residential care for the aged. The Gerontologist, 26, 405–417.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Muller, C. (1987). Homesharing and congregate housing. Research on Aging, 9, 163–181.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mullins, L. C., Tucker, R., Longino, C. F., & Marshall, V. (1989). An examination of loneliness among elderly Canadian seasonal residents in Florida. Journal of Gerontology, 44, S80–S86.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Murray, H. A. (1938). Explorations in personality. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Namazi, K. H., Eckert, J. K., Kahana, E., & Lyon, S. M. (1989). Psychological well-being of elderly board and care home residents. The Gerontologist, 29, 511–516.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Newman, S. J., & Owen, M. S. (1982). Residential displacement: Extent, nature, and effects. Journal of Social Issues, 38, 135–148.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Newman, S. J., Zais, J., & Struyk, R. (1984). Housing older America. In I. Altaian, M. P. Lawton, & J. F. Wohlwill (Eds.), Human behavior and the environment: Elderly people and the environment (pp. 17–55) New York: Plenum Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Nirenberg, T. D. (1983). Relocation of institutionalized elderly. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 51, 693–701.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Normoyle, J. B., & Foley, J. M. (1988). The defensible space model of fear and elderly public housing residents. Environment and Behavior, 20, 50–74.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oldakowski, R. K., & Roseman, C. C. (1986). The development of migration expectations: Changes throughout the life course. Journal of Gerontology, 41, 290–295.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pablo, R. (1977). Intra-institutional relocation: Its impact on long-term patients. The Gerontologist, 17, 426–435.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Parmelee, P. A., Katz, I. R., & Lawton, M. P. (1989). Depression among institutionalized aged: Assessment and prevalence estimation. Journal of Gerontology, 44, M22–M29.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Parmelee, P. A., & Lawton, M. P (1990). The design of special environments for the aged. In J. E. Birren & K. W. Schaie (Eds.), Handbook of psychology and aging (3rd ed., pp. 464–487). New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pastalan, L. A. (1975). Research in environment and aging: An alternative to theory. In P G. Windley, T. O. Byerts, & F. G. Ernst (Eds.), Theory development in environment and aging. Washington, DC: Gerontological Society.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pastalan, L. A. (1983). Environmental displacement: A literature reflecting old person-environment transactions. In G. D. Rowles, & R. J. Ohta (Eds.), Aging and milieu: Environmental perspectives on growing old (pp. 189–203). New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Phifer, J. F., Kaniasty, K. Z., & Norris, F. H. (1988). The impact of natural disaster on the health of older adults: A multiwave prospective study. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 29, 65–78.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Phifer, J. E, & Norris, F. H. (1988). Psychological symptoms in older adults following natural disaster: Nature, timing, duration, and course. Journal of Gerontology, 44, S207–S217.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Piper, A. I., & Langer, E. J. (1986). Aging and mindful control. In M. M. Baltes & P. B. Baltes (Eds.), The Psychology of control and aging (pp. 71–89). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Poulshock, S. W., & Cohen, E. S. (1975). The elderly in the aftermath of a disaster. The Gerontologist, 15, 357–361.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Prager, E. (1986). Components of personal adjustment of long distance elderly movers. The Gerontologist, 26, 676–680.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pruchno, R. A., & Resch, N. L. (1988). Intrainstitutional relocation: Mortality effects. The Gerontologist, 28, 311–317.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pruchno, R. A., & Resch, N. L. (1989). Aberrant behaviors and Alzheimer’s disease: Mental health effects on spouse caregivers. Journal of Gerontology, 44, S177–S182.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Régnier, V (1981). Neighborhood images and use: A case study. In M. P. Lawton, & S. Hoover (Eds.), Community housing choices for older Americans (pp. 180–197). New York: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Retsinas, J., & Garrity, P. (1986). Going home: Analysis of nursing home discharges. The Gerontologist, 26, 431–436.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rodin, J. (1983). Behavioral medicine: Beneficial effects of self-control training in aging. International Review of Applied Psychology, 32, 153–181.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rodin, J., & Langer, E. J. (1977). Long-term effects of a control-relevant intervention with the institutionalized aged. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 35, 897–902.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rodin, J., Timko, C., & Harris, S. (1985). The construct of control: Biological and psychological correlates. In M. P. Lawton & G. L. Madox (Eds.), Annual review of gerontology and geriatrics (pp. 3–55). New York: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rogers, A. (1989). The elderly mobility transition. Research on Aging, 11, 3–32.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rogers, A., & Watkins, J. (1988). General versus elderly interstate migration and population reidstribution in the United States. Research on Aging, 9, 483–529.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rosen, J., & Fields, R. B. (1988). The longterm effects of extraordinary trauma: A look beyond PTSD. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 2, 179–191.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rosow, I. (1967). Social integration of the aged. New York: Free Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rowles, G. D. (1980). Growing old “inside”: Aging and attachment to place in an Appalachian community. In N. Datan & N. Lohmann (Eds.), Transitions of aging (pp. 153–170). New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rowles, G. D. (1981). Geographical perspectives on human development. Human Development, 24, 67–76.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rowles, G. D. (1983). Geographical dimensions of social support in rural Appalachia. In G. D. Rowles & R. J. Ohta (Eds.), Aging and milieu: Environmental perspectives on growing old (pp. 111–130). New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rubinstein, R. L. (1989). The home environments of older people: Psychosocial processes relating person to place. Journal of Gerontology, 44, S45–S53.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Scheidt, R. J., Windley, P. G. (1985). The ecology of aging. In J. E. Birren & K. W. Schaie (Eds.), Handbook of the psychology of aging (pp. 245–258). New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schooler, K. K. (1976). Environmental change and the elderly. In I. Altman, & J. F. Wohlwill (Eds.), Human behavior and environment (pp. 265–298). New York: Plenum Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Schreter, C. A., & Turner, L. A. (1986). Sharing and subdividing private market housing. The Gerontologist, 26, 181–186.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schulz, R. (1976). Effects of control and predictability on the physical and psychological well-being of the institutionalized aged. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 33, 563–573.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schulz, R., & Alderman, D. (1973). Effect of residential change on the temporal distance of terminal cancer patients. Omega: Journal of Death and Dying, 4, 157–162.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schulz, R., & Brenner, G. (1977). Relocation of the aged: A review and theoretical analysis. Journal of Gerontology, 32, 323–333.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schulz, R., & Hanusa, B. H. (1978). Long-term effects of control and predictability-enhancing interventions: Findings and ethical issues. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 36, 1194–1201.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schulz, R., & Horowitz, M. (1983). Meta-analytic biases and problems of validity in the relocation literature: Final comments. The Gerontologist, 23, 460–461.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Selye, H. (1956). The stress of life. New York: McGraw-Hill.

    Google Scholar 

  • Serow, W. J. (1987a). Determinants of interstate migration: Differences between elderly movers and nonelderly movers. Journal of Gerontology, 42, 95–100.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Serow, W. J. (1987b). Why the elderly move: Cross-national comparisons. Research on Aging, 9, 582–597.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Serow, W. J., & Charity, D. A. (1988). Return migration of the elderly in the United States. Research on Aging, 10, 155–168.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shamain, J., Clarfield, A. M., & Maclean, J. (1984). A randomized trial of intra-hospital relocation of geriatric patients in a tertiary-care teaching hospital. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 32, 794–800.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sherwood, S., Greer, D. S., Morris, J. N., & Mor, V (1981). An alternative to institutionalization: The Highland Heights Experiment. Cambridge, MA: Ballinger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shore, J. H., Tatum, E., & Vollmer, W. (1986). Psychiatric reactions to disaster: The Mt. St. Helens experience. American Journal of Psychiatry, 143, 590–595.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shore, J. H., Vollmer, W. M., & Tatum, E. L. (1989). Community patterns of post traumatic stress disorders. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 177, 681–685.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Slivinske, L. R., & Fitch, V L. (1987). The effect of control enhancing interventions on the well-being of elderly individuals living in retirement communities. The Gerontologist, 27, 176–181.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Soldo, B. J., Sharma, M., & Campbell, R. T. (1984). Determinants of the community living arrangements of older unmarried women. Journal of Gerontology, 39, 492–498.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Speare, A., & Meyer, J. W. (1988). Types of elderly residential mobility and their determinants. Journal of Gerontology, 43, S74–S81.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stein, S., Linn, M. W., & Stein, E. M. (1989). Psychological correlates of survival in nursing home cancer patients. The Gerontologist, 29, 224–228.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stokols, D, & Shumaker, S. A. (1982). The psychological context of residential mobility and well-being. Journal of Social Issues, 38, 149–171.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Struyk, R. J. (1980). Housing adjustments of relocating elderly households. The Gerontologist, 20, 45–55.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Struyk, R. J., & Soldo, B. J. (1980). Improving the elderly’s housing. Cambridge, MA: Ballinger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sullivan, D. A., & Stevens, S. A. (1982). Snowbirds: Seasonal migrants to the sunbelt. Research on Aging, 4, 159–177.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tesch, S. A., Nehrke, M. E, & Whitbourne, S. K. (1989). Social relationships, psycho-social adaptation, and intrainstitutional relocation of elderly men. The Gerontologist, 29, 517–523.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tierney, J. P (1987). A comparative examination of the residential segregation of persons 65 to 74 and persons 75 and above in 18 United States Metropolitan Areas for 1970 and 1980. Journal of Gerontology, 42, 101–106.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tobin, S. S., & Lieberman, M. A. (1976). Last home for the aged. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Iran, T. V (1990). Language acculturation among older Vietnamese refugee adults. The Gerontologist, 30, 94–99.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Turner, B., Tobin, S., and Liberman, M. (1972). Personality traits as predictive of institutional adaptation among the aged. Journal of Gerontology, 27, 61–68.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • U.S. National Center for Health Statistics (1987). Use of nursing homes by the elderly: Preliminary data from the 1985 national nursing home survey, advance data, no. 135. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

    Google Scholar 

  • Usui, W. M., & Keil, T. J. (1987). Life satisfaction and age concentration of the local area. Psychology and Aging, 2, 30–35.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ward, R. A. (1979). The implications of neighborhood age structure for older people. Sociological Symposium, 26, 42–63.

    Google Scholar 

  • Watkins, J. F. (1989). Gender and race differentials in elderly migration. Research on Aging, 11, 33–52.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wells, L., & Macdonald, G. (1981). Interpersonal networks and post-relocation adjustment of the institutionalized elderly. The Gerontologist, 21, 177–183.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Whittier, J. R., & Williams, D. (1956). The coincidence and constancy of mortality figures for aged psychotic patients admitted to state hospitals. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 124, 618–620.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wiseman, R. F. (1980). Why older people move: Theoretical issues. Research on Aging, 2, 141–154.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wittels, I., & Botwinick, J. (1974). Survival in relocation. Journal of Gerontology, 29, 440–443.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wohlwill, J. F. (1966). The physical environment: A problem for a psychology of stimulation. Journal of Social Issues, 22, 29–38.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wolf, D., & Soldo, B. (1988). Household composition choices of older unmarried women. Demography, 25, 387–403.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zweig, J. P., & Csank, J. Z. (1975). Effects of relocation on chronically ill geriatric patients of a medical unit: Mortality rates. Journal of the American Geriatric Society, 23, 132–136.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Allegheny Neuropsychiatric Institute, Oakdale, Pennsylvania, 15071, USA

    Robert B. Fields

  2. Department of Psychiatry, Medical College of Pennsylvania, Allegheny Campus, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15212, USA

    Robert B. Fields

Authors
  1. Robert B. Fields
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Psychological Studies, Nova University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA

    Vincent B. Van Hasselt  & Michel Hersen  & 

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1992 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Fields, R.B. (1992). Psychosocial Response to Environment Change. In: Van Hasselt, V.B., Hersen, M. (eds) Handbook of Social Development. Perspectives in Developmental Psychology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0694-6_20

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0694-6_20

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4899-0696-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4899-0694-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation