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Fossil Evidence for the Origins of Terrestriality among Old World Higher Primates

  • Chapter
Primate Locomotion

Abstract

Preference for terrestrial substrates is one of the most significant adaptive differences between some members of the radiation of Old World higher primates and the anthropoids of the Neotropics (Le Gros Clark, 1959; Napier and Napier, 1967, 1985; Fleagle, 1988; Martin, 1990). Adaptations for terrestriality are most conspicuous among savanna baboons (Papio — Rose, 1977), geladas (Theropithecus — Jolly, 1967; Dunbar and Dunbar, 1974), and humans (Napier, 1967). Varying degrees of semi-terrestriality and terrestriality are also present among the African great apes (Gorilla — Remis, 1995 and Pan — Hunt, 1992; Doran, 1993) and some of the Asian colobines (Presbytis entellus — Ripley, 1967 and Rhinopithecus roxellana — Davison, 1982), guenons (Cercopithecus aethiops and Erythrocebus patas — Hall, 1965), mandrills and drills (Mandrillus — Jouventin, 1975), mangabeys (Cercocebus — Waser, 1984), and macaques (e.g., Macaca nemestrina — Caldicott, 1986). In contrast, terrestrial adaptations are notably absent from the otherwise diverse adaptive array of New World anthropoids.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anthropology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois, 62901, USA

    Monte L. McCrossin, Brenda R. Benefit, Stephen N. Gitau & Angela K. Palmer

  2. Department of Anthropology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60637, USA

    Kathleen T. Blue

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  1. Monte L. McCrossin
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  3. Stephen N. Gitau
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  4. Angela K. Palmer
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  1. California State University, Sacramento, Sacramento, California, USA

    Elizabeth Strasser

  2. State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA

    John G. Fleagle

  3. National Zoological Park, Washington, D.C, USA

    Alfred L. Rosenberger

  4. University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA

    Henry M. McHenry

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McCrossin, M.L., Benefit, B.R., Gitau, S.N., Palmer, A.K., Blue, K.T. (1998). Fossil Evidence for the Origins of Terrestriality among Old World Higher Primates. In: Strasser, E., Fleagle, J.G., Rosenberger, A.L., McHenry, H.M. (eds) Primate Locomotion. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0092-0_19

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