Abstract
It is apparent that throughout human history the drug most widely used for altering human consciousness has been alcohol.* It is probably the oldest, and certainly now the most widespread mind-altering drug, but it is also distinctive in its versatility. In various times and in various contexts, human beings have used alcohol as an energizer or tranquilizer, as a “super-ego solvent” or sacred symbol, as a medicine or food, as a social leveler or source of subjective feelings of power, and for a host of other social or symbolic functions.
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Heath, D.B. (1976). Anthropological Perspectives on the Social Biology of Alcohol: An Introduction to the Literature. In: Kissin, B., Begleiter, H. (eds) Social Aspects of Alcoholism. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9495-3_2
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