Summary
Arginine vasopressin (AVP) changes the kinetic parameters of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) transport of large neutral amino acids (LNAA). The effect is believed to result from the occupation of V1 receptors at the luminal surface of brain endothelial cells which in turn induces allosteric changes in the LNAA transporter, the L system. These changes result in a diminished unidirectional influx of all LNAA to the brain. In addition, circulating AVP is also known to reduce amino acid levels in brain extracellular fluid (ECF) as measured in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). In the present paper we discuss the extent to which changes in BBB transport might account for the observed changes in the CSF concentrations of LNAA. A comparative analysis of our data suggests that the reduced influx of LNAA across the BBB cannot fully explain the observed reduction in CSF levels. Thus other effects induced by the peptide such as changes in the production rate of ECF and CSF or a stimulation of amino acid uptake by brain cells might be involved.
Résumé
La vasopressine arginine (VPA) modifie les paramètres cinétiques du transport des «grands» amino-acides neutres (GAAN) par la barrière hémato-encéphalique. L’occupation des récepteurs V1 présents sur la membrane luminale des cellules endothéliales cérébrales par la VPA semble induire une modification de type allostérique du transporteur des GAAN, le système L. Il en résulte une diminution de la pénétration cérébrale de tous les GAAN. De plus, après mesure dans le liquide céphalo-rachidien (LCR), la VAP circulante induit une diminution de la concentration du liquide extracellulaire cérébral (LEC) en amino-acides. Dans cette étude, nous avons étudié dans quelle mesure la VPA, en modifiant les paramètres du transport des acides aminés par le système L au niveau de la BHE, pouvait modifier la concentration du LCR en GAANs. Nos resultats suggèrent que ce phénomène ne peut à lui seul expliquer la réduction de la concentration du LCR en GAANs. Ainsi d’autres effets connus de la VPA, tels que des modifications de la quantité de LCR et de LEC secrétés ou une stimulation de la captation par le cerveau des acides aminés, pourraient être impliqués dans ce phénomène.
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Reichel, A., Begley, D.J., Ermisch, A. (1996). A Reduction in the Transfer of Amino Acids Across the Blood-Brain Barrier Might Not be the Sole Mechanism by Which Vasopressin Affects Amino Acid Levels within the Brain. In: Couraud, PO., Scherman, D. (eds) Biology and Physiology of the Blood-Brain Barrier. Advances in Behavioral Biology, vol 46. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9489-2_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9489-2_5
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