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Biological Effects of Some Products of Cholesterol Autoxidation

  • Chapter
Autoxidation in Food and Biological Systems

Abstract

A wide range of C27 to C30 oxysterols, many of which are products of cholesterol autoxi ation, are potent inhibitors of the enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-meqy4glutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase in mammalian cells.1–4 Because HMG-CoA reductase is an important regulatory enzyme in the biosynthesis of isoprene units the oxysterols can suppress the biosynthesis of several isoprenoid compounds (Fig. 1). In human beings and other higher animals, cholesterol is the most abundant and most studied product of isoprene metabolism. However, increasingly attention is being given to two other products of the biosynthetic pathway, dolichol and the side chain of coenzyme Q. Dolichol is a lipid carrier for the assembly of a complex oligosaccharide which is then transferred to asparagine residues of nascent glycoproteins. Coenzyme Q serves as an electron carrier in oxidative phosphorylation. Cholesterol serves several different functions in the organism. It is a major component of plasma membranes; it is a precursor for bile acids and steroid hormones and it functions as a structural component of serum lipoproteins. It seems likely that the major features of the feedback regulatory system depicted in Figure 1 evolved primarily to control the synthesis of cholesterol needed for these functions. The detailed mechanisms of this control system are still speculative. However enough is known to provide a rationale for the inhibitory activities of the oxysterols.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Jackson Laboratory Bar, Harbor, Maine, 04609, USA

    Andrew A. Kandutsch

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  1. Andrew A. Kandutsch
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Radiation Research, National Bureau of Standards, Washington, D.C., USA

    Michael G. Simic

  2. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA

    Marcus Karel

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© 1980 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Kandutsch, A.A. (1980). Biological Effects of Some Products of Cholesterol Autoxidation. In: Simic, M.G., Karel, M. (eds) Autoxidation in Food and Biological Systems. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9351-2_30

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9351-2_30

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-9353-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-9351-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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