Skip to main content
  • 111 Accesses

Abstract

Acute renal failure in the patient with diabetes is uncommon [1] and has the same aetiology as in the non-diabetic. However, certain situations such as hypovolaemia and sepsis which may lead to acute renal failure occur more frequently in the diabetic patient. The increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease may also lead to renal impairment as a result of complications of ischaemic heart disease or renal artery atherosclerosis. In addition the high prevalence of chronic renal disease make the diabetic particularly susceptible to the development of acute renal failure.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 74.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Turney JH, Marshall DH, Brownjohn AM, Ellis CM, Parsons FM. The evolution of acute renal failure, 1956–1988. Quart J Med 1990; 74: 83–104.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Keller U, Berger W, Ritz R, Truog P. Course and prognosis of 86 episodes of diabetic coma. A five year experience with a uniform schedule of treatment. Diabetologia 1975; 11: 93–100.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. McCurdy DK. Hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic nonketotic diabetic coma. Med Clin North Am 1970; 54: 683–699.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Arieff AI, Carroll HJ. Nonketotic hyperosmolar coma with hyperglycemia: clinical features, pathophysiology, renal function, acid-base balance, plasma-cerebrospinal fluid equilibria, and the effects of therapy in 37 cases. Medicine (Baltimore) 1972; 51: 73–94.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Mather HM. Management of hyperosmolar coma. J Roy Soc Med 1980; 73: 134–138.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Leung CB, Li PKT, Lui SF, Lai KN. Acute renal failure (ARF) caused by rhabdomyolysis due to diabetic hyperosmolar nonketotic coma: a case report and literature review. Renal Failure 1992; 14: 81–85.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Singhal PC, Abramovici M, Venkatesan J. Rhabdomyolysis in the hyperosmolal state. Am J Med 1990; 88: 9–12.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Alberti KGMM, Hockaday TDR. Diabetic coma: a reappraisal after 5 years. Clin Endocrinol Metab 1977; 6: 421–455.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Berger W, Keller U. Treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis and non-ketotic hyperosmolar diabetic coma. Baillieres Clin Endocrinol Metab 1992; 6: 1–22.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Hillman K. Fluid replacement in the critically ill. Med Intern 1987; 38: 1567–1572.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Waldhäusl W, Kleinberger G, Korn A, Dudczak R, Bratusch-Marain P, Nowotny P. Severe hyperglycemia: effects of rehydration on endocrine derangements and blood glucose concentration. Diabetes 1979; 28: 577–584.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Brown HR, Rossini AR, Callaway CW, Cahill GF. Caveat on fluid replacement in hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar non-ketotic coma. Diabetes Care 1978; 1: 305–307.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Tunbridge WGM. Factors contributing to the deaths of diabetics under the age of 50. Lancet 1979; ii: 569–572.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Woodrow G, Brownjohn AM, Turney JH. Acute renal failure in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Postgrad Med J 1994; 70: 192–194.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Lernholt M, Herrera J. Acute renal failure in diabetic acidosis. Lancet 1968; i: 758.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Schade DS, Eaton RP. Diabetic ketoacidosis: pathogenesis, prevention and therapy. Clin Endocrinol Metab 1983; 12: 321–338.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Foster DW, McGarry JD. The metabolic derangements and treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis. N Engl J Med 1983; 309: 159–169.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Wardle N. Acute renal failure in the 1980s: the importance of septic shock and endotoxaemia. Nephron 1982; 30: 193–200.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Groeneveld ABJ, Tran DD, van der Meulen J, Nauta JJP, Thijs LG. Acute renal failure in the medical intensive care unit: predisposing, complicating and outcome factors. Nephron 1991; 59: 602–610.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Beaman M, Turney JH, Rodger RSC, McGonigle RSJ, Adu D, Michael J. Changing pattern of acute renal failure. Quart J Med 1987; 237: 15–23.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Wardle EN. Acute renal failure and multiorgan failure. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1994; 9: Suppl. 4: 104–107.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Wiecek A, Zeier M, Ritz E. Role of infection in the genesis of acute renal failure. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1994; 9: Suppl. 4: 40–44.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Badr KF. Sepsis-associated renal vasoconstriction: potential targets for future therapy. Am J Kid Dis 1992; 20: 207–213.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Quezado ZMN, Natanson C. Systemic hemodynamic abnormalities and vasopressor therapy in sepsis and septic shock. Am J Kid Dis 1992; 20: 214–222.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Hou SH, Bushinsky DA, Wish JB, Cohen JJ, Harrington JT. Hospital acquired acute renal insufficiency: a prospective study. Am J Med 1983; 74: 243–248.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Spangberg-Viklund B, Nikonoff T, Lundberg M, Larsson R, Skau T, Nyberg P. Acute renal failure caused by low-osmolar radiographic contrast media in patients with diabetic nephropathy. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1989; 23: 315–317.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Schwab SJ, Hlatky MA, Pieper KS, et al. Contrast nephrotoxicity: a randomized controlled trial of a nonionic and an ionic radiographic contrast agent. N Engl J Med 1989; 320: 149–153.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Lautin EM, Freeman NJ, Schoenfeld AH, et al. Radiocontrast-associated renal dysfunction: a comparison of lower osmolality and conventional high-osmolality contrast media. Am J Roentgenol 1991; 157: 59–65.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Rudnick MR, Goldfarb S, Wexler L, Ludbrook PA, Murphy MJ et al. Nephrotoxicity of ionic and nonionic contrast media in 1196 patients: A randomized trial. Kidney Int 1995; 47: 254–261.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Parfrey PS, Griffiths SM, Barrett BJ, et al. Contrast material-induced renal failure in patients with diabetes mellitus, renal insufficiency, or both. A prospective controlled study. N Engl J Med 1989; 320: 143–149.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Berns AS. Nephrotoxicity of contrast media. Kidney Int 1989; 36: 730–740.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Lautin EM, Freeman NJ, Schoenfeld AH, et al. Radiocontrast-associated renal dysfunction: Incidence and risk factors. Am J Roentgenol 1991; 157: 49–58.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Berkseth RO, Kjellstrand CM. Radiological contrast induced nephropathy. Med Clin North Am 1984; 68: 351–370.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. D’Elia JA, Gleason RE, Alday M, et al. Nephrotoxicity from radiographic contrast material: a prospective study. Am J Med 1982; 72: 719–725.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Byrd L, Sherman RL. Radiocontrast-induced renal failure. A clinical and pathophysiological review. Medicine 1979; 58: 270–279.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Weinrauch LA, Healy RW, Leland OS, et al. Coronary angiography and acute renal failure in diabetic azotemic nephropathy. Ann Intern Med 1977; 86: 56–59.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Van Zee BE, Hoy WE, Talley TE, Jaenike JR. Renal injury associated with intravenous pyelography in nondiabetic and diabetic patients. Ann Intern Med 1978; 89: 51–54.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Taliercio CP, Vlietstra R, Fisher LD, Burnett JC. Risks or renal dysfunction with cardiac angiography. Ann Intern Med 1986; 104: 501–504.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Manske CL, Sprafka JM, Strony JT, Wang Y. Contrast nephropathy in azotemic diabetic patients undergoing coronary angiography. Am J Med 1990; 89: 615–620.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Vari RC, Natarajan LA, Whitescarver SA, Jackson BA, Oh CE. Induction, prevention and mechanisms of contrast media-induced acute renal failure. Kidney Int 1987; 33: 699–707.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Heyman SN, Brezis M, Reubinoff CA, et al. Acute renal failure with selective medullary injury in the rat. J Clin Invest 1988; 82: 401–412.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Kassirer JP. Atheroembolic renal disease. N Engl J Med 1969; 280: 812–818.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Brezis M, Rosen S, Silva P, Epstein FH. Renal ischemia: a new perspective. Kidney Int 1984; 26: 375–383.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Heyman S, Brezis M, Greenfeld Z, Rosen S. Protective role of furosemide and saline in radiocontrast-induced acute renal failure. Clin Res 1988; 36: 520A.

    Google Scholar 

  45. Porush JG, Chou S-Y, Anto HR, Oguagha C, Shapiro WB, Faubert PF. »Infusion intravenous pyelography and renal function: effects of hypertonic mannitol and furosemide in patients with chronic renal insufficiency.« In Acute Renal Failure. Eliahou HE, ed. London: John Libbey, 1982; pp 161–167.

    Google Scholar 

  46. Kalra PA, Mamtora H, Holmes AM, Waldek S. Renovascular disease and renal complications of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy. Quart J Med 1990; 77: 1013–1018.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Hricik DE, Browning PJ, Kopelman R, Goorno WE, Madias NE, Dzau VJ. Captopril-induced functional renal failure in patients with bilateral renal-artery stenosis or renal artery stenosis in a solitary kidney. N Engl J Med 1983; 308: 373–376.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Mandai AK, Markert RJ, Saklayen MG, Mankus RA, Yokokawa K. Diuretics potentiate angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor-induced acute renal failure. Clin Nephol 1994; 42: 170–174.

    Google Scholar 

  49. Bridoux F, Hazzan M, Pallot JL, Fleury D, Lemaitre V, Kleinknecht D, Vanhille Ph. Acute renal failure after the use of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors in patients without renal artery stenosis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1992; 7: 100–104.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Clive DM, Stott JS. Renal syndromes associated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. N Engl J Med 1984; 310: 563–572.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Palmer BF, Henrich WL. Clinical acute renal failure with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Sem Nephrol 1995; 15: 214–227.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Cameron JS. Allergic interstitial nephritis. Quart J Med 1988; 66: 97–115.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Appel GB. Aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity. Am J Med 1990; 88: Suppl. 3C: 16S–20S.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Moore RD, Smith CR, Lipsky JJ, Mellitis ED, Lietman PS. Risk factors for nephrotoxicity in patients treated with aminoglycosides. Ann Intern Med 1984; 100: 352–357.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Eknoyan G, Qunibi Y, Grisson RT, Tuma SN, Ayus JC. Renal papillary necrosis: an update. Medicine 1982; 61: 55–73.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Gupta KL, Sakhuja V, Khandelwal N, Soma Sekhar M, Chugh KS. Renal papillary necrosis in diabetes mellitus. J Ass Phys India 1990; 38: 908–911.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Mujais SK. Renal papillary necrosis in diabetes mellitus. Semin Nephrol 1984; 4: 40–47.

    Google Scholar 

  58. Groop L, Laasonen L, Edgren J. Renal papillary necrosis in patients with IDDM. Diabetes Care 1989; 12: 198–202.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Lindvall N. Radiological changes of renal papillary necrosis. Kidney Int 1978; 13: 93–106.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Kasinath BS, Mujais SK, Spargo BH, Katz AI. Non-diabetic renal disease in patients with diabetes mellitus. Am J Med 1983; 75: 613–617.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Yum M, Maxwell DR, Hamburger R, et al. Primary glomerulonephritis complicating diabetic nephropathy: report of seven cases and review of the literature. Hum Pathol 1984; 15: 921–927.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Carstens SA, Hebert LA, Grancis JC, et al. Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis superimposed on diabetic glomerulosclerosis. JAMA 1982; 247: 1453–1457.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Andersen AR, Christiansen JS, Andersen JK, Kreiner S, Deckert T. Diabetic nephropathy in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes: an epidemiological study. Diabetologia 1983; 25: 496–501.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Richards NT, Greaves I, Lee SJ, Howie AJ, Adu D, Michael J. Increased prevalence of renal biopsy findings other than diabetic glomerulopathy in type II diabetes mellitus. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1992; 7: 397–399.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Parving H-H, Gall M-A, Skøtt P, Jørgensen HE, Løkkegaard H, Jørgensen F, Nielsen B, Larsen S. Prevalence and causes of albuminuria in non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients. Kidney Int 1992; 41: 758–762.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. Peitzman SJ, Agarwal BN. Spontaneous hypoglycaemia in end stage renal failure. Nephron 1977; 19: 131–139.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Garber AJ, Bier D, Cryer PE, Pagliara AS. Hypoglycaemia in compensated renal insufficiency: substrate limitation of gluconeogenesis. Diabetes 1974; 23: 982–986.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. Rabkin R, Simon NM, Steiner S, Collwell JA. Effect of renal disease on renal uptake and excretion of insulin in man. N Engl J Med 1970; 282: 182–187.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. Naschitz JE, Barak C, Yeshuran D. Reversible diminished insulin requirement during acute renal failure. Postgrad Med J 1983; 59: 269–271.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  70. Weinrauch LA, Healy WR, Leland DS. Decreased insulin requirement in acute renal failure in diabetic nephropathy. Arch Intern Med 1978; 138: 399–402.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1996 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Grenfell, A. (1996). Acute Renal Failure in Diabetics. In: Mogensen, C.E. (eds) The Kidney and Hypertension in Diabetes Mellitus. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-6749-0_44

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-6749-0_44

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-6751-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-6749-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics