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Blood Cholinesterases as Human Biomarkers of Organophosphorus Pesticide Exposure

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Book cover Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

Part of the book series: Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology ((RECT,volume 163))

Abstract

The organophosphorus (OP) insecticides were developed before and during World War II. The history of their development has been reviewed (Holmstedt 1963; Karczmar 1970; Ursdin 1970; Koelle 1981). In 1936, Schrader synthesized paraoxon, parathion, and octamethylpyrophosphoramide (OMPA, schradan) in a search for an effective cockroach control agent (Ursdin 1970). Parathion use in agriculture began after World War II. In 1949, a mixer loader was killed by parathion in Lake Placid, FL (Griffiths et al. 1951). Monitoring red blood cell acetyl-cholinesterase (RBC AChE) of exposed workers was begun in 1950 in the Florida citrus industry (Griffiths et al. 1951), perhaps the first use of human blood esterase monitoring in agriculture.

Agricultural Experiment Station Journal Series No. R-06898. Communicated by George W. Ware.

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  1. Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred, FL, 33850, USA

    Herbert N. Nigg

  2. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, SUNY at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA

    James B. Knaak

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Nigg, H.N., Knaak, J.B. (2000). Blood Cholinesterases as Human Biomarkers of Organophosphorus Pesticide Exposure. In: Ware, G.W. (eds) Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, vol 163. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-6429-1_2

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