Abstract
The environmental consequences just described, other consequences to be described later, rising costs, and long-term depletion of resources establish the importance of using energy efficiently and productively, of not squandering its thermodynamic potential. The ubiquitous and casual use of energy creates an attitude of false familiarity that leads to undervaluing both the importance and the complexity of rational and effective use. Other impediments also exist, to be described later. Knowing the substantial possibilities for better use of energy also influences our ideas of how much needs to be provided, and often of what kind. Therefore, this chapter precedes those that deal with supply options.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
AIP (1975). Efficient Use of Energy, American Institute of Physics Conference Proceedings No. 25, 335 East 45th Street, New York, New York 10017.
Bazerghi, H. A. (1982). “Fuel Effectiveness in the U.S.: The Potential for Savings,” Ph.D. Thesis, Nuclear Engineering Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (June).
Berry, L., Joderstrom, J., Hirst, E., Newman, B., and Weaver, R. (1981). Oak Ridge National Laboratory Report ORNL/CON-58 (March).
De Man, E. (1983). “Homebuilt Airplanes: The Sky’s the Limit,” Technol Rev. 86 (April), 26–34.
EWC (1983). Background Report on the Electric Future of China (Taipei), Japan, and Korea, Resource Systems Institute, East-West Center, Honolulu (May).
Gibbons, J. H., and Chandler, W. V. (1981). Energy, The Conservation Revolution, Plenum Press, New York. (Gibbons, now director of the U.S. Congress Office of Technology Assessment, was chairman of the NAS Demand/Conservation Panel.)
Gyftopoulos, E. P., Lazaridis, L. J., and Widmer, T. F., (1974) Potential Fuel Effectiveness in Industry, Ballinger Publishing Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Gyftopoulos, E. P., and Widmer, T. F. (1982). “Cost-Effective Waste Energy Utilization,” Ann. Rev. Energy 7, 293–327.
Häfele, W., et al. (1981). Energy in a Finite World, Vol. 1, Paths to a Sustainable Future. Prepared by the International Institute for Applied System Analysis (IIASA), Austria, Ballinger Publishing Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Hatsopoulos, G. N., Gyftopoulos, E. P., Sant, R. W., and Widmer, T. F. (1978). “Capital Investment to Save Energy,” Harvard Bus. Rev. March–April, 111–122.
Hirst, E., and Kurish, J. B. (1977). Residential Energy Use to the Year 2000: A Regional Analysis, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.
Hirst, E., and Armstrong, J. (1980). “Managing State Energy Conservation Programs: The Minnesota Experience,” Science 210, 740–744.
Hirst, E., Marlay, R., Greene, D., and Barnes, R. (1983). Recent Changes in U.S. Energy Consumption: What Happened and Why, ORNL Report, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (February). Also Ann. Rev. Energy 8, 193–245 (1983).
Johnson, T. E. (1982). “MIT Solar Building No. 5: The Third Year Performance,” Passive Solar J. 7(5), 175–184.
Johnson, T. E., and Hubbell, B. (1982). “The MIT Crystal Pavillion,” Proceedings of the National Passive Solar Conference, American Solar Energy Society, Knoxville, Tennessee.
Keenan, J. H., Gyftopoulos, E. P., and Hatsopoulos, G. N. (1973). “The Fuel Shortage and Thermodynamics,” in: M. Macrakis (ed.), Energy, M.I.T. Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Marlay, R. C. (1983). “Industrial Energy Productivity”, Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Nuclear Engineering, M.I.T., Cambridge, Massachusetts (April).
Marlay, R. C. (1984). “Trends in Industrial Use of Energy,” Science 226, 1277–1283.
Odum, H. T., and Odum, E. D. (1976). Energy Basis for Man and Nature, McGraw-Hill, New York.
OTA (1982). Energy Efficiency of Buildings in Cities, U.S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment, U.S. GPO Stock No. 052–003–00871–8.
Pine, G. D. (1981). “Energy Consumed in 2010 by an Energy-Efficient Building Sector,” ORNL Report 5772, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (November).
Rifkin, J. (with Howard, T.) (1980). Entropy: A New World View, Viking Press, New York.
Santos, J. M. (1982). “Energy for Local Transportation: What We learn From Cambridge, Massachusetts,” S.M. thesis, Department of Nuclear Engineering, M.I.T., Cambridge, Massachusetts (May).
Schurr, S. H., Darmstadter, J., Perry, H., Ramsey, W., and Russell, M. (1979). Energy in America’s Future: The Choice Before Us, Resources for the Future, Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore.
Scott, H. (1933). “Technology Smashes the Price Systems,” Harper’s Magazine (January).
Wells, H. G. (1914). The World Set Free, Collins, Glasgow.
U.S. Congress Committee Print 97K (1981). Report on Building a Sustainable Future, Committee on Energy and Commerce, House of Representatives (April).
Energy Information Administration, 1981 Annual Report to Congress, Volume Two: Data, U.S. Department of Energy, DOE/EIA-0173(81)/2, May 1982. Also Energy Information Administration, Monthly Energy Review, U.S. Department of Energy, DOE/EIA-0035, several monthly issues.
Council of Economic Advisers, “Appendix B. Statistical Tables Relating to Income, Employment, and Production,” Annual Report of the Council of Economic Advisers, U.S. Government Printing Office, February 1981.
Bureau of Economic Analysis, Survey of Current Business, U.S. Department of Commerce, several monthly issues.
Solar Energy Research Institute, A New Prosperity: Building a Sustainable Energy Future, Brick House Publishing, 1981.
S. C. Parikh, coordinator, Energy Saving Impacts of DOEs Conservation and Solar Programs, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, ORNL/TM-7690, May 1981.
National Academy of Sciences, Alternative Energy Demand Futures to 2010, Report of the Demand and Conservation Panel to the Committee on Nuclear and Alternative Energy Systems, 1979.
H. H. Landsberg et al. Energy: The Next Twenty Years, a report sponsored by the Ford Foundation, Ballinger Publishing Co., 1979.
Office of Policy and Evaluation, Low Energy Futures for the United States, U.S. Department of Energy, DOE/PE-0020, June 1980.
M. H. Ross and R. H. Williams, Our Energy: Regaining Control, McGraw-Hill, 1980.
Office of Policy, Planning and Analysis, Energy Projections to the Year 2000, U.S. Department of Energy, DOE/PEr0029, July 1981.
Office of Policy, Planning and Analysis, Sunset Review, Program-by-Program Analysis, Volumes 2 and 3, U.S. Department of Energy, DOE/PE-0040, February 1982.
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 1981, U.S. Department of Commerce, 1981.
D.B. Reister, “Energy Conservation—The Post-Embargo Record,” Energy, 7(5), 1982. Also, D. B. Reister, personal communication, Institute for Energy Analysis, Oak Ridge Associated Universities, June 29, 1981.
E. Hirst et al, Energy Use from 1973 to 1980: The Role of Improved Energy Efficiency, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, ORNL/CON-79, December 1981.
D. Greene et al, Estimating the Total Impact on Energy Consumption of DOE Conservation Programs, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, ORNL-5925, November 1982.
R. C. Marlay, Effects on Investment in Energy Conservation of DOEs Programs and of Market Forces, Office of Policy, Planning and Analysis, U.S. Department of Energy, Staff Working Paper, April 1981.
Office of Policy, Planning and Analysis, Trends in Energy Use and Conservation, U.S. Department of Energy, Briefing Materials, April 1982.
M. Savitz, personal communication, Office of Conservation and Renewable Energy, U.S. Department of Energy, December 4, 1981. Also, P. Patterson, personal communication, Office of Conservation and Renewable Energy, U.S. Department of Energy, June 1982.
T. Morlan, Analysis of 1980 Energy Consumption Decrease, Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department of Energy, Information Memorandum, March 18, 1981.
E. Hirst and J. Carney, “The ORNL Residential Energy-Use Model,” Land Economics, 55 (3), August 1979. Also E. Hirst, T. A. Vineyard, J. Carney, and D. L. O’Neal, “The Oak Ridge National Laboratory Residential Energy Use Model: Version 7.1,” Electric Power Research Institute Workshop on End Use Models and Conservation Analysis, EPRI EA-2509, July 1982.
J. R. Jackson, Energy Use and Conservation in the Commercial Sector: An Econometric/Engineering Analysis, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, ORNL/CON-30, January 1979. Also, S. M. Cohn et al, A Commercial Energy Use Model for the Ten U.S. Federal Regions, ORNL/CON-40, March 1981.
Energy Information Administration, State Energy Data Report, 1960 through 1980, U.S. Department of Energy, DOE/EIA-0214(80), July 1982.
E. Hirst, “Review of Data Related to Energy Use in Residential and Commercial Buildings,” Management Science, 26 (9), September 1980.
Energy Information Administration, Nonresidential Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics, U.S. Department of Energy, DOE/EIA-0246, March 1981.
Energy Information Administration, Nonresidential Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Fuel Characteristics and Conservation Practices, U.S. Department of Energy, DOE/EIA-0278, June 1981.
Office of Technology Assessment, Energy Efficiency of Buildings in Cities, U.S. Congress, OTA-E-168, March 1982.
Office of Institutional Conservation Programs, Energy Efficient Hospitals, U.S. Department of Energy, DOE/CE-0003, April 1981.
Office of Institutional Conservation Programs, Energy Efficient Schools, U.S. Department of Energy, DOE/CE-0014, September 1981.
E. Hirst, J. Carney, and P. Knight, Energy Use at Institutional Buildings: Disaggregate Data and Data Mangement Issues, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, ORNL/CON-73, June 1981.
E. Hirst, J. Trimble, and R. Goeltz, Analysis of Energy Use at US Institutional Buildings, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, ORNL/CON-78, November 1981.
Contract Research Corporation, Evaluation of the Cost-Effectiveness of FY 1980 Energy Audits in Illinois Schools, prepared for the Illinois Institute of Natural Resources, August 1980.
M. OUe and J. Crist, Energy Management in Wisconsin Public Buildings: Cost-Effective Savings Opportunities, Wisconsin Department of Administration, December 1981.
E. Hirst et al. Analysis of Energy Audits at 48 Hospitals, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, ORNL/CON-77, July 1981.
H. Ross and S. Whalen, Building Energy Use Compilation and Analysis, Part C—Conservation Progress in Commercial Buildings, Buildings Division, U.S. Department of Energy, August 1981.
AI A Research Corporation, Energy Performance Standards for New Buildings, Analysis ofASH-RAE 90–75R, prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy, May 1980.
J. J. Deringer and H. P. Misuriello, “A Baseline for Energy Design,” Progressive Architecture, April 1982.
AI A Research Corporation, Energy Performance Standards for New Buildings, Life Cycle Cost Study of Commercial Buildings, prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy, March 1980.
Energy Information Administration, Residential Energy Consumption Survey: Conservation, U.S. Department of Energy, DOE/EIA-0207/3, February 1980.
Energy Information Administration, Residential Energy Consumption Survey: 1979–1980 Consumption and Expenditures, Part 1: National Data (Including Conservation), U.S. Department of Energy, DOE/EIA-0262/1, April 1981.
Energy Information Administration, Residential Energy Consumption Survey: Housing Characteristics, 1980, U.S. Department of Energy, DOE/EIA-0314, June 1982.
E. Hirst, R. Goeltz, and H. Manning, Household Retrofit Expenditures and the Federal Residential Energy Conservation Tax Credit, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, ORNL/CON-95, July 1982.
S. Meyers, Residential Energy Use and Conservation in the United States, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, March 1982.
L. W. Wall et al, Building Energy Compilation and Analysis, Part B: Retrofit of Existing North American Residential Buildings, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, LBL-13385, December 1982.
R. C. Johnson, Housing Market Capitalization of Energy-Saving Durable Goods Investments, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, ORNL/CON-74, July 1981.
D. L. O’Neal, K. R. Coram, and J. L. Jones, An Estimate of Consumer Discount Rates Implicit in Single-Family Housing Construction Practices, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, ORNL/CON-62, April 1981.
Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers, Facts on Major Home Appliance Energy Consumption and Efficiency Trends, 1982.
M. J. King et al, An Analysis of Changes in Residential Energy Consumption, 1973–1980, Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratory, September 1982.
M. Ross, “Energy Consumption in Industry,” Annual Review of Energy, 6, 384, 1981.
Bureau of Mines, “Chapter on Natural Gas,” Minerals Yearbook, 1970–1975 editions, U.S. Department of the Interior.
Energy Information Administration, Natural Gas Annual 1980, U.S. Department of Energy, DOE/EIA-0131 (80), February 1982.
Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Industrial Production, 1976 revision, Industrial Production, annual summaries for 1977–1980, and Industrial Production, publication G. 12.3, March 16, 1982.
R. C. Marlay, Industrial Energy Productivity, 1954–1980, Doctoral thesis, Department of Nuclear Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
J. Myers et al, Energy Consumption in Manufacturing, Ballinger, Cambridge, 1974.
Anon., “Energy Outlook,” Energy Management, October 1982.
U.S. Department of Energy, “Annual Report to Congress and the President, 1980,” The Industrial Energy Efficiency Program, Revised Draft, August 1982.
U.S. Department of Energy, unpublished communication from the Office of Industrial Program, November 1982.
C. Difiglio and B. McNutt, “Causes of Reduced Automobile Fuel Demand and Its Implications for Consumers,” Analysis Memorandum, Office of Policy, Planning and Analysis, U.S. Department of Energy, January 1982.
D. L. Greene et al, Transportation Energy Use 1973–80: Changes, Trends, and Causes, ORNL/ TM-7953, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, April 1982.
D. L. Greene and G. Kulp, “An Analysis of the 1978–80 Decline in Gasoline Consumption in the United States,” Energy, 7 (4), 1982.
D. L. Greene and C. K. Eric Chen, “Scrappage and Survival Rates of Passenger Cars and Light Trucks in the U.S., 1966–77,” Transportation Research, I5A(5), 1981.
M. C. Holcomb, D. L. Greene, and G. F. Roberts, “Motor Vehicle MPG and Market Shares Report: October 1982,” Oak Ridge National Laboratory, October 1982.
G. Kulp and M. C. Holcomb, Transportation Energy Data Book, sixth edition, Noyes Data Corporation, Park Ridge, New Jersey, 1982.
B. D. McNuttet al, “Comparison of EPA and On-Road Fuel Economy—Analysis Approaches, Trends, and Impacts,” SAE Technical Paper series no. 820788, June 1982.
J. K. Pollard, “Changes in Transportation Energy Use and Intensiveness,” staff study 321–341, U.S. Department of Transportation, Transportation Systems Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts, June 1981.
A. B. Rose, The Energy Intensity and Related Parameters of Selected Passenger Transportation Modes, ORNL-5506, January 1979, and The Energy Intensity and Related Parameters of Selected Freight Transportation Modes, ORNL/TM-6700, June 1979, Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
J. B. Smith, Trends in Energy Use and Fuel Efficiency in the U.S. Commercial Airline Industry, Analysis, Office of Policy, Planning and Analysis, U.S. Department of Energy, December 1981.
U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “1977 Census of Transportation, Truck Inventory and Use Survey: United States,” 1980.
U.S. Department of Energy, “Fuel Economy News,” newsletter of the Voluntary Truck and Bus Fuel Economy Program, September 1981.
U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, “Automotive Fuel Economy Program, Sixth Annual Report to the Congress,” January 1982.
U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, “New Trucks Save Fuel 1979,” DOTHS805585, December 1980.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1986 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Rose, D.J. (1986). Rational and Effective Energy Use. In: Learning about Energy. Modern Perspectives in Energy. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5647-0_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5647-0_4
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-5649-4
Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-5647-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive