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Mechanisms of Regulating the Respiratory Burst in Leukocytes

  • Chapter
Regulation of Leukocyte Function

Part of the book series: Contemporary Topics in Immunobiology ((CTI,volume 14))

Abstract

When leukocytes encounter opsonized microorganisms or a variety of inflammatory stimuli, their utilization of oxygen is substantially enhanced. This phenomenon was first observed as increased oxygen uptake by the stimulated cells (Baldridge and Gerard, 1933; Sbarra and Karnovsky, 1959) and was correlated with the production of hydrogen peroxide (Iyer et al., 1961). Concomitant with the alterations in respiration, enhanced glucose oxidation via the hexose monophosphate shunt occurs as well (Sbarra and Karnovsky, 1959). In recent years, it has become clear that oxygen utilization in activated phagocytic cells can proceed by one electron reduction steps, and that the initial product is probably superoxide anion ( -2 ) (Babior et al., 1973). Two molecules of -2 can then interact in a dismutation reaction, resulting in the formation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). These reactions are outlined in Eqs. (1) and (2):

$$ {O_2} + {e^ - } \to O_2^ - $$
((1))
$$ 2O_{_2}^ - + 2{H^ + } \to O_2^ - + {H_2}{O_2} $$
((2))

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  1. Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Division of Rheumatic and Genetic Diseases, Laboratory of Immune Effector Function, Durham, North Carolina, 27710, USA

    Linda C. McPhail & Ralph Snyderman

  2. Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, 27710, USA

    Linda C. McPhail & Ralph Snyderman

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  1. Linda C. McPhail
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  1. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA

    Ralph Snyderman

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McPhail, L.C., Snyderman, R. (1984). Mechanisms of Regulating the Respiratory Burst in Leukocytes. In: Snyderman, R. (eds) Regulation of Leukocyte Function. Contemporary Topics in Immunobiology, vol 14. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4862-8_9

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