Abstract
Most E. coli strains are non-pathogenic and constitute part of the normal gut flora. However, other E. coli strains may be pathogenic and can cause either bladder infection, meningitis, or diarrhea. At least five different classes of diarrheagenic E. coli have thus far been identified, including, enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), enterohemorragic E. coli (EHEC), enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC), and enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC). These E. coli strains, causing symptoms ranging from cholera-like to extreme colitis, possess distinct sets of virulence factors, including specific adhesins, invasins and/or toxins, which are responsible for the characteristic symptoms and diarrhea associated with each class.
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Rosenshine, I., Knutton, S., Frankel, G. (2000). Interaction of Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli with Host Cells. In: Oelschlaeger, T.A., Hacker, J. (eds) Bacterial Invasion into Eukaryotic Cells. Subcellular Biochemistry, vol 33. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4580-1_2
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