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Anatomical and Physiological Overview

  • Chapter
Normal and Abnormal Swallowing

Abstract

The seemingly effortless act of swallowing, is, in reality, quite complex, involving approximately 50 paired muscles and virtually all levels of the central nervous system. For historical reasons, and as a matter of convenience, students of swallowing have somewhat arbitrarily divided this act into three anatomically and temporally distinct stages, or phases. The first, or oral phase, is primarily preparatory, and is that period during which foodstuffs are chewed and mixed with saliva, thus providing the proper texture and consistency for smooth transit through the pharynx and esophagus. The second, or pharyngeal phase, begins when the bolus passes the faucial pillars to enter the upper pharynx, and ends when it crosses the pharyngoesophageal sphincter. The third, or esophageal phase, covers that period during which the bolus is transported from the pharynx to the stomach via the esophagus.

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Authors
  1. Emmett T. Cunningham Jr.
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  2. Martin W. Donner
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  3. Bronwyn Jones
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  4. Stuart M. Point
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 21205, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

    Bronwyn Jones F.R.A.C.P., F.R.C.R. (Associate Professor of Radiology, Director) & Martin W. Donner M.D. (Professor of Radiology, Director Emeritus, Founder) (Associate Professor of Radiology, Director) &  (Professor of Radiology, Director Emeritus, Founder)

  2. The Johns Hopkins Swallowing Center, 21205, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

    Bronwyn Jones F.R.A.C.P., F.R.C.R. (Associate Professor of Radiology, Director) (Associate Professor of Radiology, Director)

  3. The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins Swallowing Center, 21205, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

    Martin W. Donner M.D. (Professor of Radiology, Director Emeritus, Founder) (Professor of Radiology, Director Emeritus, Founder)

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© 1991 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Cunningham, E.T., Donner, M.W., Jones, B., Point, S.M. (1991). Anatomical and Physiological Overview. In: Jones, B., Donner, M.W. (eds) Normal and Abnormal Swallowing. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4150-6_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4150-6_2

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