Skip to main content

Part of the book series: Natural Resource Management and Policy ((NRMP,volume 23))

Abstract

Farmers have a variety of tools with which to cope with risk. These tools include shifting their purchases of producer or consumer durable goods between periods, accumulating or depleting savings or buffer stocks, borrowing or restructuring debt, purchasing insurance, and participating in futures markets. Given the variety of methods farmers have for coping with risk, we first set out to answer the fundamental question: Does risk coping affect agricultural production decisions? To answer this we must address the issue of why risk matters. That is, what are the market failures that make risk matter and how do they affect producer behavior?

The views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. We thank Bruce Andersen, John Antic, Daniel Hellerstein, Jeffrey LaFrance, Rulon Pope, Meredith Soule, Brian Wright, and David Zilberman for helpful comments and suggestions. All remaining errors are our own.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Alderman, H., and C.H. Paxson. 1994. “Do the Poor Insure? A Synthesis of the Literature on Risk and Consumption in Developing Countries.” Economics in a Changing World: Proceedings of the Tenth World Congress of the International Economic Association, Moscow (Vol. 4: Development, Trade and the Environment). lEA Conference Volume, No. 110. New York: St. Martin’s Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Antle, J.M., and S.M. Capalbo. 2001. “Agriculture as a Managed Ecosystem: Implications for Econometric Analysis of Production Risk.” In R.E. Just and R.D. Pope, eds., A Comprehensive Assessment of the Role of Risk in U.S. Agriculture. Boston, MA: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Antle, J., and R. Just. 1990. “Interactions between Agricultural and Environmental Policies: A Conceptual Framework.” American Economic Review 80: 197–202.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carroll, C. 1997. “Buffer Stock Saving and the Life-Cycle /Permanent Income Hypothesis.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 112: 1–55.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chavas, J., and M.T. Holt. 1990. “Acreage Decisions Under Risk: The case of Corn and Soybeans.” American Journal of Agricultural Economics 24: 529–538.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chavas, J., and M.T. Holt. 1996. “Economic Behavior Under Uncertainty: A Joint Analysis of Risk Preferences and Technology.” Review of Economics and Statistics 78: 329–335.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Deaton, A. 1992. Understanding Consumption. Clarendon Lectures in Economics. Oxford University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Dickey, D.A., and W.A. Fuller. 1979. “Distribution of the Estimators for Autoregressive Time Series with a Unit Root.” Journal of the American Statistical Association 74: 427–431.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dixit, A.K., and R.S. Pindyck. 1994. Investment Under Uncertainty. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Freund, R.J. 1956. “The Introduction of Risk into a Programming Model.” Econometrica 24: 253–264.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hubbard, R.G. 1998. “Capital-Market Imperfections and Investment. ” Journal of Economic Literature 36: 193–225.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hubbard, R.G., and A.K. Kashyap. 1992. “Internal Net Worth and the Investment Process: An Application to U.S. Agriculture.” Journal of Political Economy 100: 506–534.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hubbard, R.G., A.K. Kashyap, and T.M. Whited. 1995. “International Finance and Firm Investment.” Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking 27: 683–701.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jaffee, D.M., and T. Russell. 1976. “Imperfect Information, Uncertainty, and Credit Rationing.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 90: 651–666.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Just, R.E. 2000. “Some Guiding Principles for Empirical Production Research in Agriculture.” Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 29: 138–158.

    Google Scholar 

  • Just, R.E., and R.D. Pope. 1991. “Stochastic Specification of Production Functions and Economic Implications.” Journal of Econometrics 7: 67–86.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kochar, A. 1999. “Smoothing Consumption by Smoothing Income: Hours-of-Work Responses to Idiosyncratic Agricultural Shocks in Rural India.” The Review of Economics and Statistics 81: 50–61.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • LaFrance, J.T., J. Shimshack, and S. Wu. 2000. “Crop Insurance and the Environment.” Working Paper. Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of California, September.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leathers, H.D., and J.C. Quiggin. 1991. “Interactions Between Agricultural and Resource Policy: The Importance of Attitudes Toward Risk.” American Journal of Agricultural Economics 73: 757–764.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Loehman, E., and C. Nelson. 1992. “Optimal Risk Management, Risk Aversion, and Production Function Properties.” Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 17: 219–231.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marra, M.C., and G.A. Carlson. 2001. “Agricultural Technology and Risk.” In R.E. Just and R.D. Pope, eds., A Comprehensive Assessment of the Role of Risk in U.S. Agriculture. Boston, MA: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Modigliani, F., and M.H. Miller. 1958. “The Cost of Capital, Corporation Finance and the Theory of Investment.” American Economic Review 48: 261–297.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morduch, J. 1995. “Income Smoothing and Consumption Smoothing.” Journal of Economic Perspectives 9: 103–114.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paxson, C.H. 1992. “Using Weather Variability to Estimate the Response of Savings to Transitory Income in Thailand.” American Economic Review 82: 15–33.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pope, R.D., and R.E. Just. 1991. “On Testing the Structure of Risk Preferences in Agricultural Supply Analysis.” American Journal of Agricultural Economics 73: 743–748.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pope, R.D., and R.A. Kramer. 1979. “Production Uncertainty and Factor Demands for the Competitive Firm.” Southern Economic Journal 46: 489–501.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rambaldi, A.N., and P. Simmons. 2000. “Response to Price and Production Risk: The Case of Australian Wheat.” The Journal of Futures Markets 20: 345–359.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sandmo, A. 1971. “On the Theory of the Competitive Firm under Price Uncertainty.” American Economic Review 61: 65–73.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schwartz, E.S. 1997. “The Stochastic Behavior of Commodity Prices: Implications for Valuation and Hedging.” The Journal of Finance 52: 924–973.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Soule, M., W. Nimon, and D. Mullarkey. 2000. “Risk Management and Environmental Outcomes: Framing the Issues.” Paper presented at the workshop, “Crop Insurance, Land Use, and the Environment,” September 20–21, 2000, Economic Research Service, Washington, D.C.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stiglitz, J.E., and A. Weiss. 1981. “Credit Rationing in Markets with Imperfect Information.” American Economic Review 71: 393–410.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sumner, D.A., and H. Lee. 2000. “Discussion of the Effects of Federal Risk Management Subsidies on Crop Production Patterns.” Prepared for workshop on risk management research, Washington D.C., September 20, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  • Townsend, R.M. 1995. “Consumption Insurance: An Evaluation of Risk-Bearing Systems in Low-Income Economies.” Journal of Economic Perspectives 9: 83–102.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zeldes, S.P. 1989. “Consumption and Liquidity Constraints: An Empirical Investigation.” Journal of Political Economy 97: 305–346.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2002 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Roberts, M.J., Key, N. (2002). Does Liquidity Matter to Agricultural Production?. In: Just, R.E., Pope, R.D. (eds) A Comprehensive Assessment of the Role of Risk in U.S. Agriculture. Natural Resource Management and Policy, vol 23. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3583-3_18

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3583-3_18

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-4924-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-3583-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics