Abstract
Certain of the vast number of lakes distributed over the surface of the Earth have special limnological characteristics. Bog lakes in the northern latitudes, reservoirs, anthropogenically acidified lakes in Scandinavia and eastern North America and below strip-mining operations, meromictic lakes, playa lakes in arid regions, and alpine lakes provide examples of a diversity of exceptional conditions that add to the fascination and enjoyment of limnological studies. We suggest you explore as many of these diverse habitats in your local area as possible. A discussion of several examples follows.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Anschütz, I. and F. Gessner. 1954. Der Ionaustausch bei Torfmossen (Sphagnum). Flora 141:178–236.
Bott, T.L. 1983. Primary productivity in streams, pp. 29–53. In: G.W. Minshall and J.R. Barnes, Editors. Stream Ecology: The Testing of General Ecological Theory in Stream Ecosystems. Plenum, New York.
Brand, T. 1946. Anaerobiosis in Invertebrates. Biodynamica, Normandy, MO. 328 pp.
Burgess, J.A. 1975. Organic acid excretion and the impact of Sphagnum mosses on their environment. Proc. Birmingham Nat. Hist. Phil. Soc. 23:21–24.
Cline, J.D. 1969. Spectrophotometry determination of hydrogen sulfide in natural waters. Limnol. Oceanogr. 14:454–458.
Clymo, R.S. 1963. Ion exchange in Sphagnum and its relation to bog ecology. Ann Bot. N.S. 27:309–324.
Clymo, R.S. 1967. Control of cation concentrations, and in particular of pH, in Sphagnum dominated communities, pp. 273–284. In: H.L. Golterman and R.S. Clymo, Editors. Chemical Environment in the Aquatic Habitat. N.V. Noord-Hollandsche Uitgevers Maatschappij, Amsterdam.
Culver, D.A. and G.J. Brunskill. 1969. Fayetteville Green Lake, New York. V. Studies of primary production and Zooplankton in a meromictic marsh lake. Limnol. Oceanogr. 14:862–873.
Frey, D.G. 1955. Längsee: A history of meromixis. Mem. 1st. Ital. Idrobiol. Suppl. 8:141–161.
Glime, J.M., R.G. Wetzel, and B.J. Kennedy. 1982. The effects of bryophytes on succession from alkaline marsh to Sphagnum bog. Amer. Midland Nat. 108:209–223.
Gorham, E. 1987. The ecology and biogeochemistry of Sphagnum bogs in central and eastern North America, pp. 3–15. In: A.D. Laderman, Editor. Atlantic White Cedar Wetlands. Westview Press. Boulder, CO.
Gorham, E. and H.E. Sanger. 1972. Fossil pigments in the surface sediments of a meromictic lake. Limnol. Oceanogr. 17:618–622.
Gorham, E., S.J. Eisenreich, J. Ford, and M.V. Santelmann. 1985. The chemistry of bog waters. pp. 339–362. In: W Stumm, Editor. Chemical Proceses in Lakes. Wiley, New York.
Grahn, O. 1976. Macrophyte succession in Swedish lakes caused by deposition of airborne acid substances, pp. 519–530. In: L.S. Dochinger and T.A. Seliga, Editors. Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Acid Precipitation and Forest Ecosystem. USDA Forest Service Tech. Report NE 23.
Hutchinson, G.E., et al. 1970. Ianula: An account of the history and development of the Lago di Monterosi, Latium, Italy. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, N.S. 60(4) 178 pp.
Jackson, D.F. (ed.). 1967. Some Aspects of Meromixis. Dept. Civil Engr., Syracuse Univ., Syracuse, NY. 243 pp.
Judd, J.H. 1970. Lake stratification caused by runoff from street deicing. Water Res. 4:521–532.
Minshall, G.W. 1978. Autotrophy in stream ecosystems. BioScience 18:161–111.
Moore, P.D. and D.J. Bellamy. 1974. Peatlands. Elek Science, London. 221 pp.
Walker, K.F. and G.E. Likens. 1975. Meromixis and a reconsidered typology of lake circulation patterns. Verh. Internat. Verein. Limnol. 19:442–158.
Wetzel, R.G. 1975. Primary production, pp. 230–247. In: B.A. Whitton, Editor. River Ecology. Blackwell, Oxford.
Wetzel, R.G. 1979. The role of the littoral zone and detritus in lake metabolism. Arch. Hydrobiol. Beih. Ergebn. Limnol. 13:145–161.
Wetzel, R.G. 1990a. Reservoir ecosystems: Conclusions and speculations, pp. 227–238. In: K.W. Thornton, B.L. Kimmel, and F.E. Payne, Editors. Reservoir Limnology: Ecological Perspectives. Wiley, New York.
Wetzel, R.G. 1990b. Land-water interfaces: Metabolic and limnological regulators. Baldi Memorial Lecture. Verhand. Internat. Verein. Limnol. 24:6–24.
Wetzel, R.G. 1999. Limnology: Lake and River Ecosystems. 3rd Edition. Academic Press, San Diego (in press).
Wetzel, R.G. and A.K. Ward. 1992. Primary production, pp. 354–369. In: P. Calow and G.E. Petts, Editors. The Rivers Handbook. I. Hydrological and Ecological Principles. Blackwell Science Publishers, Oxford.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2000 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Wetzel, R.G., Likens, G.E. (2000). Special Lake Types. In: Limnological Analyses. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3250-4_26
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3250-4_26
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-3186-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-3250-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive