Abstract
The governing equations of equilibrium in nonlinear systems are amazingly beautiful. Their structure is repeated throughout the field equations of mathematical physics and of discrete systems of networks. By introducing abstract notations, we are able to see unifying structures in the different theories. Through pure mathematical analysis, the intrinsic inner beauty in physical nature can be revealed.
In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. ... And God said, “Let there be light”, and there was light.
—Genesis, I
Tao creates one; one begets two; two produce three; three generate all things. Everything carries Ying and embraces Yang and are the harmony of the generative forces of the two.
— Lao Chi
To wit, since the plan of the universe is the most perfect, there can be no doubt that all actions in the world can be determined from the observed phenomena and the causes with the aid of the method of maxima and minima.
—Leonard Euler
What really interests me is whether God has any choice in the creation of the world.
—Albert Einstein
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Notes
Leonard Euler (1707–1783), a great mathematician from Switzerland. During his life he published a total of 886 books and mathematical memoirs, and produced thirteen children (all but five of whom died very young).
Joseph Louis Lagrange, 1736–1813, was born in Turin of Italian-French ancestry. His most valuable book Mechanique Annlutique was published in 1788. In this work, Lagrange unified the science of mechanics, and, as Hamilton said, made of it “a kind of scientific poem”.
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© 2000 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
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Gao, D.Y. (2000). Mono-Duality in Static Systems. In: Duality Principles in Nonconvex Systems. Nonconvex Optimization and Its Applications, vol 39. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3176-7_1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3176-7_1
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