Abstract
Care for patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection requires excellence in all aspects of family practice. The family physician’s roles are many: providing patient education to prevent uninfected persons from becoming infected; identifying and instituting early intervention for infected persons; delivering comprehensive care of symptomatic disease including the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS); and providing support and care for the family. This broad scope of clinical responsibilities is in an area of clinical medicine where the knowledge base and management strategies are evolving rapidly. New manifestations of HIV disease, diagnostic protocols, and drug recommendations (Table 21.2)1 change on a regular basis. Epidemiologic, social, and community trends also continue to have important effects on clinical care. This chapter provides an overview of important clinical aspects of HIV disease for the family physician.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Goldschmidt RH, Dong BJ. Treatment of AIDS and HIV-related conditions: 1994. J Am Board Fam Pract 1994;7:155–78.
Centers for Disease Control; Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists; AIDS Program, Center for Infectious Diseases. Revision of the CDC surveillance case definition for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. MMWR 1987;36(Suppl1):1S-15S.
Guidelines for prevention of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B virus to health-care and public-safety workers. MMWR 1989;38(Suppl6):1–37.
Public Health Service statement on management of occupational exposure to human immunodeficiency virus, including considerations regarding zidovudine postexposure use. MMWR 1990;39(No. RR-1):1–14.
Public Health Service guidelines for counseling and antibody testing to prevent HIV infection and AIDS. MMWR 1987;36:509–15.
Goldschmidt RH, Legg JJ. Counseling patients about HIV test results. J Am Board Fam Pract 1991;4:361–3.
Centers for Disease Control. Tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus infection: recommendations of the Advisory Committee for the Elimination of Tuberculosis (ACET). MMWR 1989;38:236–8, 243–50.
Purified protein derivative (PPD)-tuberculin anergy and HIV infection: guidelines for anergy testing and management of anergic persons at risk of tuberculosis. MMWR 1991;40(No. RR-5):27–33.
Sande MA, Carpenter CC, Cobbs CG, et al. Antiretroviral therapy for adult HIV-infected patients. Recommendations from a state-of-the-art conference. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases State-of-the-Art Panel on Anti-Retroviral Therapy for Adult HIV-infected Patients. JAMA 1993; 270:2583–9.
Volberding PA, Lagakos SW, Koch MA, et al. Zidovudine in asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus infection: a controlled trial in persons with fewer than 500 CD4-positive cells per cubic millimeter. N Engl J Med 1990; 322:941–9.
Concorde: MCR/ANRS randomised double-blind controlled trial of immediate and deferred zidovudine in symptom-free HIV infection. Concorde Coordinating Committee. Lancet 1994;343:871–81.
Caliendo AM, Hirsch MS. Combination therapy for infection due to human immunodeficiency virus type I. Clin Infect Dis 1994;18:516–24.
Hirsch MS, D’Aquila RT. Therapy for human immunodeficiency virus infection. N Engl J Med 1993;328:1686–95.
Centers for Disease Control. Recommendations for prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia for adults and adolescents infected with human immunodeficiency virus. MMWR 1992;41(No. RR-4):1–11.
Recommendations on prophylaxis and therapy for disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex for adults and adolescents infected with human immunodeficiency virus. U.S. Public Health Service Task Force on Prophylaxis and Therapy for Mycrobacterium Avium Complex. MMWR 1993;42(RR-9): 14–20.
Jacobson MA, Mills J. Serious cytomegalovirus disease in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS): clinical findings, diagnosis, and treatment. Ann Intern Med 1988;108:585–94.
Horsburgh Jr CR. Mycobacterium avium complex infection in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. N Engl J Med 1991;324:1332–8.
Barnes PF, Bloch AB, Davidson PT, Snider DE Jr. Tuberculosis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. N Engl J Med 1991;324: 1644–50.
Berger TG, Obuch ML, Goldschmidt RH. Dermatologic manifestations of HIV infection. Am Fam Physician 1990;41:1729–42.
Palestine AG, Polis MA, De Smet MD, et al. A randomized, controlled trial of foscarnet in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis in patients with AIDS. Ann Intern Med 1991;115:665–73.
Murray JF, Mills J. Pulmonary infectious complications of human immunodeficiency virus infection. Am Rev Respir Dis 1990;141:1356–72, 1582–98.
Goldschmidt RH. Recommendations for the treatment of acute Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. J Am Board Fam Pract 1991;4:58–60.
National Institutes of Health—University of California Expert Panel for Corticosteroids as Adjunctive Therapy for Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia. Consensus statement on the use of corticosteroids as adjunctive therapy for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. N Engl J Med 1990;323:1500–4.
Cello JP. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome cholangiopathy: spectrum of disease. Am J Med 1989;86:539–46.
Spence MR, Reboli AC. Human immunodeficiency virus infection in women. Ann Intern Med 1991;115:827–9.
Saag MS, Powderly WG, Cloud GA, et al. Comparison of amphotericin B with fluconazole in treatment of acute AIDS-associated cryptococcal meningitis. N Engl J Med 1992;326:83–89.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Recommendations for the use of zidovudine to reduce perinatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus. MMWR 1994;43(RR-11):1–20.
Falloon J, Eddy J, Wiener L, Pizzo PA. Human immunodeficiency virus infection in children. J Pediatr 1989;114:1–30.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1996 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Goldschmidt, R.H. (1996). Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. In: Taylor, R.B. (eds) Fundamentals of Family Medicine. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2535-3_21
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2535-3_21
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-0-387-94448-7
Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-2535-3
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive