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Biological Response to Particulate Debris from Nonmetallic Orthopedic Implants

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Human Biomaterials Applications

Abstract

Since their introduction in the 1960s, nonmetallic biomaterials, such as silicone rubber and polyethylene, have been used extensively in orthopedic surgery. Alfred Swanson introduced silicone rubber for small flexible joints, and John Charnley pioneered the use of polyethylene as the articulating surface for large, weight-bearing joint replacements. In spite of their recent association with failed breast implants and osteolysis in total joint arthroplasty, respectively, these materials have provided excellent service and improved the quality of life for many patients and for extended periods. Both of these materials in bulk form are biocompatible and essentially noninflammatory. However, the degradation products of these materials, i.e., wear particles, have been found to initiate and propagate a foreign-body response that leads to osteolysis and arthroplasty failure. In this chapter, we will discuss current concepts regarding the biological response to silicone rubber and polyethylene.

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Authors
  1. Michael A. Pappas
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  2. Christopher C. Schmidt
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  3. Arun S. Shanbhag
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  4. Theresa A. Whiteside
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  5. Harry E. Rubash
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  6. James H. Herndon
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA

    Donald L. Wise PhD

  2. Cambridge Scientific, Inc., Belmont, MA, USA

    Debra J. Trantolo PhD  & Joseph D. Gresser PhD  & 

  3. Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA

    David E. Altobelli DMD, MD

  4. USAF Medical Center, Lackland AFB, TX, USA

    Michael J. Yaszemski MD, PhD

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© 1996 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Pappas, M.A., Schmidt, C.C., Shanbhag, A.S., Whiteside, T.A., Rubash, H.E., Herndon, J.H. (1996). Biological Response to Particulate Debris from Nonmetallic Orthopedic Implants. In: Wise, D.L., Trantolo, D.J., Altobelli, D.E., Yaszemski, M.J., Gresser, J.D. (eds) Human Biomaterials Applications. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2487-5_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2487-5_6

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-61737-012-0

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