Abstract
During its life cycle the plant undergoes embryonic, juvenile, transitional (between juvenile and mature), and mature (adult) phases of growth and development followed by senescence and death. The juvenile phase in some species has a distinctive morphology of leaves, stems, and other structures which are no longer present when the plant becomes mature. Once the plant reaches maturity, flowering can be induced by appropriate external cues. The change from mature to senescent conditions typically involves the deterioration of many synthetic reactions leading to the death of the plant, thereby completing the cycle.
Keywords
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Abeles, F. B., Morgan, P. W., and Saltveit Jr., M. E. (1992). Ethylene in Plant Biology. Second Edition, Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
Ainley, W. M., McNeil, K. J., Hill, J. W., Lingle, W. L., Simpson, R. B., Brenner, M. L., Nagao, R. T., and Key, J. L. (1993). “Regulatable endogenous production of cytokinins up to toxic levels in transgenic plants and plant-tissues”. Plant Mol. Biol. 22: 13–23.
Arteca, R. (1990). “Hormonal stimulation of ethylene biosynthesis”. In Polyamines and Ethylene: Biochemistry, Physiology, and Interactions, eds., H. E. Flores, R. N. Arteca and J. C. Shannon. American Society of Plant Physiologists, Rockville, MD, pp. 216–223.
Blair, D. S., MacArthur, M., and Nelson, S. H. (1956). “Observations in the growth phases of fruit trees”. Proc. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 67: 75–79.
Burton, W. G. (1982). Postharvest Physiology of Food Crops, Longman, London.
Davies, W. J. and Jones, H. G. (1991). Abscisic Acid: Physiology and Biochemistry, Bios Scientific Publishers, Oxford, U.K.
Gardner, F. E. (1929). “The relationship between tree age and the rooting of cuttings”. Proc. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 26: 101.
Grover, A. (1993). “How do senescing leaves lose photosynthetic activity”. Current Science 64: 226–234.
Guo, L., Arteca, R. N., Phillips, A. T., and Liu, Y. (1992). “Purification and characterization of ACC N-Malonyltransferase from etiolated mung bean hypocotyls”. Plant Physiol. 100: 2041–2045.
Guo, L. G., Phillips, A. T., and Arteca, R. N. (1993). “Amino acid N-malonyltransferases in mung beans: Action on 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid and Dphenylalanine”. J. Biol. Chem. 268: 25389–25894.
Hackett, W. (1985). “Juvenility, maturation and rejuvenation in woody plants”. In Horticultural Reviews, ed.,J. Janick, AVI Publishing Co., Westport, CT, pp. 109–156.
Hartmann, H. T., Kester, D. E., and Davies Jr., F. T. (1990). Plant Propagation Principles and Practices. 5th Edition, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N. J.
Kamínek, M., Mok, D. S., and Zazimalova, F. (1992). Physiology and Biochemistry of Cytokinins in Plants, SPB Academic Publishing, Hague, The Netherlands.
Kende, H. (1993). “Ethylene biosynthesis”. Annu. Rev. Plant. Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 44: 283–307.
Kulaeva, O. N. (1962). “The effect of roots on leaf metabolism in relation to the action of kinetin on leaves”. Sov. Plant Physiol. 9: 182–189.
Leopold, A. C. (1975). “Aging, senescence and turnover in plants”. BioScience 25: 659–662.
Leopold, A. C. and Kawase, M. (1964). “Benzyladenine effects on bean leaf growth and senescence”. Am. J. Bot. 51: 294–298.
Leopold, A. C. and Kriedemann, P. E. (1975). Plant Growth and Development. Second Edition, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York.
Medawar, P. B. (1957). The Uniqueness of the Individual, Basic Books, New York.
Millington, W. F. and Fisk, E. L. (1956). “Shoot development in Xanthium pennsylvanicum, L.”. Am. J. Bot. 43: 655–665.
Mok, D. W. S. and Mok, M. C. (1994). Cytokinins: Chemistry, Activity, and Function, CRC Press Inc., Boca Raton, FL.
Molisch, H. (1938). The Longevity of Plants, Science Press, Lancaster, PA.
Mothes, K. (1960). “Über das Altern der Blätter und die Moglichkeit ihrer Wiederverjüngung”. Naturwissenschaften 47: 337–351.
Mothes, K. and Engelbrecht, L. (1961). “Kinetin-induced directed transport of substances in excised leaves in the dark”. Phytochemistry 1: 58–61.
Noodén, L. D. and Leopold, A. C. (1978). “Photohormones and the endogenous regulation of senescence and abscission”. In Phytohormones and Related Compounds: A Comprehensive Treatise. Vol. 2: Phytohormones and the Development of Higher Plants, eds., D. S. Letham, P. B. Goodwin and T. J. V. Higgins, Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 329–370.
Porat, R. and Halevy, A. H. (1993). “Enhancement of petunia and dendrobium flower senescence by jasmonic acid methyl ester is via the promotion of ethylene production”. Plant Growth Reg. 13: 297–301.
Ranjit, M. and Kester, D. E. (1988). “Micropropagation of cherry rootstocks: II. Invigoration and enhanced rooting of 46–1 Mazzard by co-culture with Colt”. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 113: 150–154.
Reddy, G., Arteca, R. N., Dai, Y. -R. Flores, H. E., Negm, F. B., and Pell, E. J. (1993). “Changes in ethylene and polyamines in relation to mRNA levels of the large and small subunits of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase in ozone-stressed potato foliage”. Plant Cell, Env. 16: 819–826.
Richmond, A. E. and Lang, A. (1957). “Effect of kinetin on protein content and survival of detached Xanthium leaves”. Science 125: 650–651.
Saks, Y. and Vanstaden, J. (1992). The role of gibberellic-acid in the senescence of carnation flowers“. J. Plant Physiol. 139: 484–488.
Sanz, L. C., Femandezmaculet, J. C., Gomez, E., Vioque, B., and Olias, J. M. (1993). “Effect of methyl jasmonate on ethylene biosynthesis and stomatal closure in olive leaves”. Phytochemistry 33: 285–289.
Singh, S., Letham, D. S., and Palni, L. M. S. (1992a). “Cytokinin biochemistry in relation to leaf senescence. 7. Endogenous cytokinin levels and exogenous applications of cytokinins in relation to sequential leaf senescence of tobacco”. Physiol. Plant. 86: 388–397.
Singh, S., Letham, D. S., and Palni, L. M. S. (1992b). “Cytokinin biochemistry in relation to leave senescence. 8. Translocation, metabolism and biosynthesis of cytokinins in relation to sequential leaf senescence of tobacco”. PhysioL Plant. 86: 398–406.
Singh, S. T., Letham, D. S., Zhang, X. D., and Palni, L. M. S. (1992c). “Cytokinin biochemistry in relation to leaf senescence. 6. Effect of nitrogenous nutrients on cytokinin levels and senescence of tobacco leaves”. Physiol. Plant. 84: 262–268.
Stokes, P. and Verkerk, K. (1951). “Flower formation in brussels sprouts”. Meded. Landbouwhogesch. Wageningen 50: 141–160.
Takahashi, N., Phinney, B. O., and MacMillan, J. (1991). Gibberellins, Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Theologis, A. (1992). “One rotten apple spoils the whole bushel: The role of ethylene in fruit ripening”. Cell 70: 181–184.
Tilney-Basset, R. A. E. (1986). Plant Chimeras, Edward Arnold, London.
Trippi, V. S. (1989). “Maturation and senescence: Types of aging”. In Plant Aging: Basic and Applied Approaches, eds., R. Rodriguez, R. S. Tamés, and D. J. Durzan. Plenum Press, New York, pp. 11–18.
Weaver, R. J. (1972). Plant Growth Substances in Agriculture, W. H. Freeman and Company, San Francisco, CA.
Wellensiek, S. J. (1958). “Vernalization and age in Lunaria”. Proc. Kon. Ned Akad. Wet. C61: 561–571.
Woodson, W. R. and Brandt, A. S. (1991). “Role of the gynoecium in cytokinininduced carnation petal senescence”. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 116: 676–679.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1996 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Arteca, R.N. (1996). Juvenility, Maturity and Senescence. In: Plant Growth Substances. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2451-6_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2451-6_7
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-4721-5
Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-2451-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive