American Psychiatric Association (1987). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (3rd ed. rev.). Washington, DC: Author.
Google Scholar
American Psychiatric Association (1980). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders ( 3rd ed. ). Washington, DC: Author.
Google Scholar
Ando, H., & Tsuda, K. (1975). Intrafamilial incidence of autism, cerebral palsy, and mongolism. Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 5, 267–274.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Applebaum, E., Egel, A. L., Koegel, R. L., & Imhoff, B. (1979). Measuring musical abilities of autistic children. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 9, 279–285.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
August, G. J., & Lockhart, L. H. (1984). Familial autism and the fragile-X chromosome. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 14, 197–204.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
August, J., Stewart, M. A., Tsai, L. (1981). The incidence of cognitive disabilities in the siblings of autistic children. British Journal of Psychiatry, 138, 416–422.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bakwin, H. (1954). Early infantile autism. Journal of Pediatrics, 45, 492–497.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Baltaxe, C. A. M. (1981). Acoustic characteristics of prosody in autism. In P. Mittler (Ed.), Frontiers of knowledge in mental retardation, Vol. 1: Social, educational and behavioral aspects. Baltimore: University Park Press.
Google Scholar
Bartak, L., & Rutter, M. (1976). Differences between mentally retarded and normally intelligent autistic children. Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 6, 109–120.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bartak, L., Rutter, M., & Cox, A. (1975). A comparative study of infantile autism and specific developmental receptive language disorder: 1. The children. British Journal of Psychiatry, 126, 127–145.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bauman, M. L., & Kemper, T. L. (1985). Histoanatomic observations of the brain in early infantile autism. Neurology, 35, 866–874.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bell, R. Q. (1968). A reinterpretation of the direction of effects in studies of socialization. Psychological Review, 75, 81–95.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bell, R. Q. (1971). Stimulus control of parent or caretaker behavior by offspring. Developmental Psychology, 4, 63–72.
CrossRef
Google Scholar
Bettelheim, B. (1967). The empty fortress. New York: Free Press.
Google Scholar
Blackstock, E. G. (1978). Cerebral asymmetry and the development of infantile autism. Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 8, 339–353.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bosch, G. (1970). Uber primaren Autismus im Kindesalter. Cited by G. Bosch in Infantile autism. New York: Springer-Verlag. (Originally published, 1953 ).
Google Scholar
Brask, B. H. (1970). A prevalence investigation of childhood psychosis. Paper given at the 16th Scandinavian Congress of Psychiatry, 1970.
Google Scholar
Cited by L. Wing, (1976), Early childhood autism. Oxford: Pergamon Press.
Google Scholar
Campbell, M., Small, A., Collins, P., Friedman, E., David, R., & Genieser, N. (1976). Levodopa and levoamphetamine: A crossover study in young schizophrenic children. Current Therapeutic Research, 19, 70–86.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Cantwell, D. P., Baker, L., & Rutter, M. (1978). Family factors. In M. Rutter & E. Schopler (Eds.), Autism: A reappraisal of concepts and treatment. New York: Plenum Press.
Google Scholar
Carr, E. G. (1977). The motivation of self-injurious behavior. A review of some hypotheses. Psychological Bulletin, 81, 800–816.
CrossRef
Google Scholar
Carr, E. G., & Durand, V. M. (1985a). Reducing behavior problems through functional communication training. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 18, 111–126.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Carr, E. G., & Durand, V. M. (1985b). The social-communicative basis of severe behavior problems in children. In S. Reiss & R. R. Bootzin (Eds.), Theoretical issues in behavior therapy. New York: Academic Press.
Google Scholar
Charlop, M. H. (1983). The effects of echolalia on acquisition and generalization of receptive labeling in autistic children. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 16, 111–126.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Charlop, M. H. (1986). Setting effects on the occurrence of autistic children’s immediate echolalia. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 16, 473–483.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Charlop, M. H., & Greenberg, F. (1985a, May). The use of self-stimulation as a reinforcer: A close look at a feasible approach. Paper presented at the annual convention of the Association of Behavior Analysis, Columbus, Ohio.
Google Scholar
Charlop, M. H., & Greenberg, F. ( 1985b, August). Using ritualistic and stereotypic responses as reinforcers for autistic children. Paper presented at the annual convention of the American Psychological Association, Los Angeles.
Google Scholar
Charlop, M. H. & Milstein, J. P. ( 1987, May). “Can we talk”: Teaching conversational speech to autistic children. Paper presented at the annual convention of the Association of Behavior Analysis, Nashville.
Google Scholar
Charlop, M. H., & Silliman, J. (1987). Teaching autistic children more naturalized speech. Unpublished paper.
Google Scholar
Charlop, M. H., & Walsh, M. E. (1986). Increasing autistic children’s spontaneous verbalizations of affection: An assessment of time delay and peer modeling procedures. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 19, 307–314.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Charlop, M. H., Gonzalez, J., & Cugliari, C. P. (1987). Environmental effects on the functional aspects of the delayed echolalia of autistic children. Unpublished manuscript.
Google Scholar
Chess, S. (1977). Follow-up report on autism in congenital rubella. Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 7, 69–81.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Chock, P. N., & Glahn, T. J. (1983). Learning and self-stimulation in mute and echolalic autistic children. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 13, 365–381.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Churchill, D. W. (1972). The relation of infantile autism and early childhood schizophrenia to developmental language disorders of childhood. Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 2, 182–197.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Clarizio, H. F., & McCoy, G. F. (1983). Behavior disorders in children ( 3rd ed. ). New York: Harper & Row.
Google Scholar
Clark, P., & Rutter, M. (1977). Compliance and resistance in autistic children. Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 7, 33–48.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Coleman, M. (1976). Introduction. In M. Coleman (Ed.), The autistic syndromes (pp. 1–10 ). New York: American Elsevier.
Google Scholar
Coleman, M., & Rimland, B. (1976). Familial autism. In M. Coleman (Ed.), The autistic syndromes (pp. 175–182 ). New York: American Elsevier.
Google Scholar
Courchesne, E. (1987). A neurophysiological view of autism. In E. Schopler and G. Mesibov (Eds.), Neurobiological issues in autism. New York: Plenum Press.
Google Scholar
Courchesne, E., Hesselink, J. R., Jernigan, T. L., & YeungCourchesne, R. (1987). Abnormal neuroanatomy in a non-retarded person with autism: Findings using magnetic resonance imaging. Archives of Neurology, 44, 335–341.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Cox, A., Rutter, M., Newman, S., & Bartak, L. (1975). A comparative study of infantile autism and specific developmental receptive language disorder: 2. Parental characteristics. British Journal of Psychiatry, 126, 146–159.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Creak, M. (1961). Schizophrenic syndrome in childhood: Progress report of a working party. Cerebral Palsy Bulletin, 3, 501–504.
Google Scholar
Creak, M. (1963). Childhood psychosis: A review of 100 cases. British Journal of Psychiatry, 109, 84–89.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Creak, M., & Ini, S. (1960). Families of psychotic children. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 1, 156–175.
CrossRef
Google Scholar
Creak, M., & Pampiglione, G. (1969). Clinical and EEG studies on a group of 35 psychotic children. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 11, 218–227.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Dan, G. C., & Worden, F. G. (1951). Case report twenty-eight years after an infantile autistic disorder. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 21, 559–570.
Google Scholar
Dawson, G. D. (1979). Early infantile autism and hemispheric specialization. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Washington.
Google Scholar
Dawson, G. D., Warrenburg, S., & Fuller, P. (1982). Cerebral lateralization in individuals diagnosed as autistic in early childhood. Brain and Language, 15, 353–368.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
DeMyer, M. K. (1975). Research in infantile autism: A strategy and its results. Biological Psychiatry, 10, 433–450.
PubMed
Google Scholar
DeMyer, M. K., Barton, S., & Norton, J. A. (1972a). A comparison of adaptive, verbal, and motor profiles of psychotic and nonpsychotic subnormal children. Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 2, 359–377.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
DeMyer, M. K., Pontius, W., Norton, J. A., Barton, S., Allen, J., & Steele, R. (1972b). Parental practices and innate activity in normal, autistic, and brain-damaged infants. Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 2, 49–66.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
DeMyer, M. K., Barton, S., DeMyer, W. E., Norton, J. A., Allen, J., & Steele, R. (1973). Prognosis in autism: A follow-up study. Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 3, 199–246.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
DeMyer, M. K., Hingtgen, J. N., & Jackson, R. K. (1981). Infantile autism reviewed: A decade of research. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 7, 388–451.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Despert, J. L. (1951). Some considerations relating to the genesis of autistic behavior in children. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 21, 335–350.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Deykin, E. Y., & MacMahon, B. (1979). The incidence of seizures among children with autistic symptoms. American Journal of Psychiatry, 136, 1310–1312.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Dunlap, G., Koegel, R. L., & Egel, A. L. (1979). Autistic children in school. Exceptional Children, 45, 552–558.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Dunlap, G., Koegel, R. L., & O’Neill, R. O. (1985). Pervasive developmental disorders. In P. H. Bornstein & A. E. Kazdin (Eds.), Handbook of clinical behavior therapy with children. Homewood, IL: Dorsey Press.
Google Scholar
Durand, V. M., & Can, E. G. (1987). Social influences of self-stimulatory behavior: Analysis and treatment application. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 20, 119–132.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Egel, A. L. (1980). The effects of constant vs. varied reinforcer presentation on responding by autistic children. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 30, 455–463.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Eisenberg, L., & Kanner, L. (1956). Early infantile autism: 1943–1955. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 26, 55–65.
Google Scholar
Fay, W. H. (1967). Childhood echolalia. Folia Phoniatrics, 19, 297–306.
CrossRef
Google Scholar
Fay, W. H., & Schuler, A. L. (1980). Emerging language in autistic children. Baltimore: University Park Press.
Google Scholar
Ferster, C. B. (1961). Positive reinforcement and behavioral deficits of autistic children. Child Development, 32, 437–456.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Folstein, S., & Rutter, M. (1977). Genetic influences and infantile autism. Nature, 265, 726–728.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Freeman, B. J., & Ritvo, E. R. (1984). The syndrome of autism: Establishing the diagnosis and principles of management. Pediatric Annals, 13, 284–305.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Freeman, B. J., Ritvo, E., & Miller, R. (1975). An operant procedure to teach an echolalic, autistic child to answer questions appropriately. Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 5, 169–176.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Freeman, B. J., Ritvo, E. R., Guthrie, D., Schroth, P., & Ball, J. (1978). The Behavior Observation Scale for Autism: Initial methodology, data analysis, and preliminary findings on 89 children. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 17, 576–588.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Funderburk, S. J., Carter, J., Tanguay, P., Freeman, B. J., & Westlake, J. R. (1983). Parental reproductive problems and gestational hormonal exposure in autistic and schizophrenic children. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 13, 325–332.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Gillberg, C. (1983). Identical triplets with infantile autism and the fragile X syndrome. British Journal of Psychiatry, 143, 256–260.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Gillberg, C., & Gillberg, I. C. (1983). Infantile autism: A total population study of reduced optimality in the pre, peri-, and neonatal period. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 13, 153–166.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Gillberg, C., & Schaumann, H. (1982). Social class and infantile autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 12, 223–228.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Gittelman, M. & Birch, H. G. (1967). Childhood schizophrenia: Intellect, neurological status, perinatal risk, prognosis and family pathology. Archives of General Psychiatry, 17, 16–25.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Goldfarb, W. (1956). Receptor preferences in schizophrenic children. Archives of Neurological Psychology, 17, 16–25.
Google Scholar
Goldfarb, W. (1961). Childhood schizophrenia. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Google Scholar
Goldfine, P. E., McPherson, P. M., Adair, G., Hardesty, V. A., Beauregard, L. J., & Gordon, B. (1985). Association of fragile X syndrome with autism. American Journal of Psychiatry, 142, 108–110.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Giffith, R., & Ritvo, E. R. (1967). Echolalia: Concerning the dynamics of the syndrome. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 6, 184–193.
CrossRef
Google Scholar
Hanson, D. R., & Gottesman, I. I. (1976). The genetics, if any, of infantile autisma and childhood schizophrenia. Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 6, 209–234.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Haslam, J. (1809). Observations on madness and meloncholy. London: Hayden.
Google Scholar
Hemsley, R., Howlin, P., Berger, M., Hersov, L., Holbrook, D., Rutter, M., & Yule, W. (1978). Training autistic children in a family context. In M. Rutter & E. Schopler (Eds.), Autism: A reappraisal of concepts and treatment. New York: Plenum Press.
Google Scholar
Hermelin, B., & O’Connor, N. (1970). Psychological experiments with autistic children. Oxford: Pergamon Press.
Google Scholar
Hung, D. W. (1978). Using self-stimulation as reinforcement for autistic children. Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 8, 355–366.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hutt, S. J., & Hutt, C. (Eds.). (1970). Behaviour studies in psychiatry. Oxford: Pergamon Press.
Google Scholar
Hutt, S. J., Hutt, C., Lee, D., & Ounsted, C. (1964). Arousal and childhood autism. Nature, 204, 908–909.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hutt, S. J., Hutt, C., Lee, D., & Ounsted, C. (1965). A behavioural and electronecephalographic study of autistic children. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 3, 181–197.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Itard, J. M. G. (1962). The wild boy of Aveyron (English trans. of two reports by G. Humphrey & M. Humphrey, 1932 ). New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts. ( Originally published, 1801 ).
Google Scholar
Iwata, B. A., Dorsey, M. F., Slifer, K. J., Bauman, K. E., & Richman, G. E. (1982). Toward a functional analysis of self-injury. Analysis and Intervention in Developmental Disabilities, 2, 3–20.
CrossRef
Google Scholar
Janicki, M. P., Lubin, R. A., & Friedman, E. (1983). Variations in characteristics and service needs of persons with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 13, 73–85.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kanner, L. (1943). Autistic disturbances of affective contact. Nervous Child, 2, 217–250.
Google Scholar
Kanner, L. (1949). Problems of nosology and psychodynamics of early infantile autism. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 19, 416–426.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kanner, L. (1973). To what extent is early infantile autism determined by constitutional inadequacies? Reprinted in L. Kanner, Childhood psychosis: Initial studies and new insights. Washington, DC: V. H. Winston. (Originally published, 1954.)
Google Scholar
Keeler, W. R. (1958). Autistic patterns and defective communication in blind children with retrolental fibroplasia. In P. H. Hock & J. Zubin (Eds.), Psychopathology of communication. New York: Grune & Stratton.
Google Scholar
Knoblock, H., & Pasamanick, B. (1962). Some etiological and prognostic factors in early infantile autism and psychosis. Pediatrics, 33, 182–191.
Google Scholar
Knoblock, H., & Pasamanick, B. (1975). Etiologic factors in “early infantile autism” and “childhood schizophrenia.” Presented at the 10th International Congress of Pediatrics. Lisbon.
Google Scholar
Koegel, R. L., & Covert, A. (1972). The relationship of self-stimulation to learning in autistic children. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 5, 381–387.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Koegel, R. L., & Schreibman, L. (1976). Identification of consistent responding to auditory stimuli by a functionally “deaf” autistic child. Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 6, 147–156.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Koegel, R. L., & Schreibman, L. (1977). Teaching autistic children to respond to simultaneous multiple cues. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 24, 299–311.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Koegel, R. L., & Welhelm, H. (1973). Selective responding to the components of multiple visual cues by autistic children. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 15, 442–453.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Koegel, R. L., Schreibman, L., O’Neill, R. E., & Burke, J. C. (1983). The personality and family-interaction characteristics of parents of autistic children. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 51, 683–692.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kolvin, I. (1971). Studies in the childhood psychoses: 1. Diagnostic criteria and classification. British Journal of Psychiatry, 118, 381–384.
CrossRef
Google Scholar
Kolvin, I., Ounsted, C., & Roth, A. (1971). Studies in childhood psychoses: 5. Cerebral dysfunction and childhood psychoses. British Journal of Psychiatry, 118, 407–414.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Krug, D. A., Arick, J. R., & Almond, P. J. (1979). Autism Screening Instrument for Educational Planning: Background and development. In J. Gilliam (Ed.), Autism: Diagnosis, instruction, management, and research. Austion: University of Texas at Aust in Press.
Google Scholar
L’Abate, L. (1972). Early infantile autism: A reply to Ward. Psychological Bulletin, 77, 49–51.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Levine, M., & Olson, R. P. (1968). Intelligence of parents of autistic children. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 73, 215–217.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Links, P. S., Stockwell, M., Abichandani, F., & Simeon, J. (1980). Minor physical anomalies in childhood autism: 1. Their relationship to pre-and perinatal complications. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 10, 273–285.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lockyer, L., & Rutter, M. (1969). A five to fifteen year follow-up study of infantile psychosis: 3. Psychological aspects. British Journal of Psychology, 115, 865–882.
CrossRef
Google Scholar
Lockyer, L., & Rutter, M. (1970). A five to fifteen year follow-up study of infantile psychosis: 4. Patterns of cognitive ability. British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 9, 152–163.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lotter, V. (1966). Epidemiology of autistic conditions in young children: 1. Prevalence. Social Psychiatry, 1, 124–137.
CrossRef
Google Scholar
Lotter, V. (1974). Factors related to outcome in autistic children. Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 4, 263–277.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lotter, V. (1978). Childhood autism in Africa. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 19, 231–244.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lovaas, O. I., & Simmons, J. Q. (1969). Manipulation of self-destruction in three retarded children. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2, 143–157.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lovaas, O. I., Litrownik, A., & Mann, R. (1971a). Response latencies to auditory stimuli in autistic children engaged in self-stimulatory behavior. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 9, 39–49.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lovaas, O. I., Schreibman, L., Koegel, R. L., & Rehm, R. (1971b). Selective responding by autistic children to multiple sensory input. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 77, 211–222.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lovaas, O. I., Koegel, R. L., Simmons, J. Q., & Long, J. S. (1973). Some generalization and follow-up measures on autistic children in behavior therapy. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 6, 131–166.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lovaas, O. I., Varni, J., Koegel, R. L., & Lorsch, N. C. (1977). Some observations on the non-extinguishability of children’s speech. Child Development, 48, 1121–1127.
CrossRef
Google Scholar
Lovaas, O. I., Koegel, R. L., & Schreibman, L. (1979). Stimulus overselectivity in autism. A review of research. Psychological Bulletin, 86, 1236–1254.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lovaas, O. I. (1987). Behavioral treatment and normal educational intellectual functioning in young autistic children. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 55, 3–9.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mahler, M. (1952). On child psychosis and schizophrenia, autistic and symbiotic infantile psychoses. Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 7, 286–305.
Google Scholar
McAdoo, G. W., & DeMyer, M. K. (1978). Personality characteristics of parents. In M. Rutter & E. Schopler (Eds.), Autism: A reappraisal of concepts and treatment. New York: Plenum Press.
Google Scholar
Menolascino, F. J. (1971). The description and classification of infantile autism. In D. W. Churchill, G. D. Alpern, & M. K. DeMyer (Eds.), Infantile autism. Proceedings of the Indiana University Colloquium. Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas.
Google Scholar
Mesibov, G. B., & Dawson, G. (1986). Pervasive developmental disorders and schizophrenia. In J. M. Reisman (Ed.), Behavior disorders in infants, children, and adolescents (1st ed.). New York: Random House.
Google Scholar
Miller, L. N. (1970). The effects of fear on delayed echolalia in autistic children. University of California, Los Angeles. Unpublished manuscript.
Google Scholar
Newsom, C., & Rincover, A. (1982). Autism. In E. J. Mash & L. G. Terdal (Eds.), Behavioral assessment of childhood disorders. New York: Guilford Press.
Google Scholar
Odom, S. L., & Strain, P. S. (1986). A comparison of peer-initiation and teacher-antecedent interventions for promoting reciprocal social interaction of autistic preschoolers. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 19, 59–71.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ornitz, E. M. (1969). Disorders of perception common to early infantile autism and schizophrenia. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 10, 259–274.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ornitz, E. M., & Ritvo, E. R. (1968). Perceptual inconstancy in early infantile autism. Archives of General Psychiatry, 18, 76–98.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ornitz, E., & Ritvo, E. (1976). The syndrome of autism: A critical review. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 133, 609–621.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Pitfield, M., & Oppenheim, A. N. (1964). Child rearing attitudes of mothers of psychotic children. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 5, 51–57.
CrossRef
Google Scholar
Prior, M. (1984). Developing concepts of childhood autism: The influence of experimental cognitive research. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 52, 4–16.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Prior, M., & Bradshaw, J. L. (1979). Hemispheric functioning in autistic children. Cortex, 15, 73–81.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Prior, M., & Isaacs, J. (1979). Language acquisition in autistic and developmental aphasic children. In Proceedings of Aphasia Convention. Melbourne, Victoria, Australia: Victorian Branch Australian Association of Speech and Hearing.
Google Scholar
Prizant, B. M. (1983). Language acquisition and communicative behavior: Toward an understanding of the “whole” of it. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 48, 296–307.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Prizant, B. M., & Duchan, J. F. (1981). The functions of immediate echolalia in autistic children. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 46, 241–249.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rank, B. (1955). Intensive study and treatment of preschool children who show marked personality deviations, or “atypical development,” and their parents. In G. Caplan (Ed.), Emotional problems of early childhood. New York: Basic Books.
Google Scholar
Ricks, D. M., & Wing, L. (1975). Language communication, and the use of symbols in normal and autistic children. Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 5, 191–221.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rimland, B. (1964). Infantile autism. New York: AppletonCentury-Crofts.
Google Scholar
Rimland, B. (1971). The differentiation of childhood psychoses: An analysis of checklists for 2,218 psychotic children. Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 1, 161–174.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rimland, B. (1978). Inside the mind of an autistic savant. Psychology Today, 12, 68–80.
Google Scholar
Rincover, A. (1978). Variables affecting stimulus-fading and discriminative responding in psychotic children. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 87, 541–553.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rincover, A., & Koegel, R. L. (1975). Setting generality and stimulus control in autistic children. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 8, 235–246.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rincover, A., & Devany, J. M. (1979). The nature and role of side effects in research on ethics. Paper presented at the Association for Behavior Analysis Annual Meeting, Dearborn, Michigan.
Google Scholar
Ritvo, E. R. (1981). Genetic and immuno-hematologic studies on the syndrome of autism. Paper presented at the International Conference on Autism, Boston.
Google Scholar
Ritvo, E. R., & Freeman, B. J. (1978). National Society for Autistic Children definition of the syndrome of autism. Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 8, 162–167.
CrossRef
Google Scholar
Ritvo, E. R., Yuwiler, A., Geller, E., Kales, A., Rashkis, S., Schicor, A., Plotkin, A., Axelrod, R., & Howard, C. (1971). Effects of L-dopa on autism. Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 1, 190–205.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ritvo, E. R., Freeman, B. J., Mason-Brothers, A., Mo, A., & Ritvo, A. M. (1985a). Concordance for the syndrome of autism in 40 pairs of afflicted twins. American Journal of Psychiatry, 142, 74–77.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ritvo, E. R., Freeman, B. J., Yuwiler, A., Geller, E., Yokota, A., Schroth, P., & Novak, P. (1984). Study of fenfluramine in outpatients with the syndrome of autism. The Journal of Pediatrics, 105, 823–828.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ritvo, E. R., Freeman, B. J., Sheibel, A. B., Duong, T., Robinson, R., Guthrie, D., & Ritvo, A. (1986). LowerPurkinje cell counts in the cerebella of four autistic subjects: Initial findings of the UCLA-NSAC autopsy research report. American Journal of Psychiatry, 143, 862–866.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Runco, M. A., Charlop, M. H., & Schreibman, L. (1986). The occurrence of autistic children’s self-stimulation as a function of familiar versus unfamiliar stimulus conditions. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 16, 31–44.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rutt, C. N., & Oxford, D. R. (1971). Prenatal and perinatal complications in childhood schizophrenics and their siblings. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disorders, 152, 324–331.
CrossRef
Google Scholar
Ruttenberg, B. (1971). A psychoanalytic understanding of infantile autism and its treatment. In D. Churchill, G. Alpern, & M. DeMyer (Eds.), Infantile autism: Proceedings of the Indiana University Colloquium. Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas.
Google Scholar
Rutter, M. (1965). Speech disorders in a series of autistic children. In A. W. Franklin (Ed.), Children with communication problems, London: Pitman.
Google Scholar
Rutter, M. (1966). Behavioural and cognitive characteristics of a series of psychotic children. In J. Wing (Ed.), Early childhood autism. Oxford: Pergamon Press.
Google Scholar
Rutter, M. (1968). Concepts of autism: A review of research. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 9, 1–25.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rutter, M. (1970). Autistic children: Infancy to adulthood. Seminars in Psychiatry, 2, 435–450.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rutter, M. (1971). The description and classification of infantile autism. In D. W. Churchill, G. D. Alpern, & M. D. DeMyer (Eds.), Infantile autism: Proceedings of the Indiana University Colloquium. Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas.
Google Scholar
Rutter, M. (1972). Childhood schizophrenia reconsidered. Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 2, 315–337.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rutter, M. (1978). Diagnosis and definition of childhood autism. Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 8, 139–161.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rutter, M. (1983). Cognitive deficits in the pathogenesis of autism. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 24, 513–531.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rutter, M., & Bartak, L. (1973). Special educational treatment of autistic children: A comparative study. II. Follow-up findings and implications for services. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 14, 241–270.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rutter, M., & Lockyer, L. (1967). A five to fifteen year follow-up study of infantile psychosis. I. Description of sample. British Journal of Psychiatry, 113, 1169–1182.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rutter, M., Bartak, L., & Newman, S. (1971). Autism-A central disorder of cognition or language? In M. Rutter (Eds.), Infantile autism: Concepts, characteristics and treatment. London: Churchill-Livingstone.
Google Scholar
Rutter, M., Yule, W., Berger, M., & Hersov, L. (1977). An evaluation of a behavioural approach to the treatment of autistic children. Final Report to the Department of Health and Social Security, London.
Google Scholar
Rutter, M., & Schopler, E. (Eds.). (1978). Autism: A reappraisal of concepts and treatment. New York: Plenum Press.
Google Scholar
Rutter, M. & Garmezy, N. (1983). Childhood psychopathology. In M. Hetherington & P. H. Mussen (Eds.), Carmichael’s manual of child psychology, New York: Wiley.
Google Scholar
Schaffer, H. R. (1965). Changes in developmental quotient under two conditions of maternal separation. British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 4, 39–46.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Schopler, E. (1978). On confusion in the diagnosis of autism. Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 8, 137–138.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Schopler, E., & Loftin, J. (1969). Thinking disorder in parents of young psychotic children. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 14, 281–287.
CrossRef
Google Scholar
Schopler, E., & Reichler, R. J. (1971). Developmental therapy by parents with their own autistic child. In M. Rutter (Ed.), Infantile autism: Concepts, characteristics and treatment. London: Churchill Livingstone.
Google Scholar
Schopler, E., Andrews, C. E., & Strupp, K. (1979). Do autistic children come from upper-middle-class parents? Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 9, 139–152.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Schopler, E., Reichler, R. J., DeVellis, R. F., & Daly, K. (1980). Toward objective classification of childhood autism: Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS). Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 10, 91–103.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Schreibman, L. (1975). Effects of within-stimulus and extra-stimulus prompting on discrimination learning in autistic children. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 8, 91–112.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Schreibman, L. (1988a). Parent training as a means of facilitating generalization in autistic children. In R. H. Horner, G. Dunlap, & R. L. Koegel (Eds.), Generalization and maintenance: Lifestyle changes in applied settings. New York: Pergamon Press.
Google Scholar
Schreibman, L. (1988b). Autism. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Google Scholar
Schreibman, L., & Carr, E. G. (1978). Elimination of echolalic responding to questions through the training of a generalized verbal response. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 11, 453–463.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Schreibman, L., & Charlop, M. H. (1987). Autism. In V. B. Van Hasselt & M. Hersen (Eds.), Psychological evaluation of the developmentally and physically disabled. New York: Grune & Stratton.
Google Scholar
Schreibman, L., & Koegel, R. L. (1981). A guideline for planning behavior modification programs for autistic children. In S. M. Turner, K. S. Calhoun, & H. E. Adams (Eds.), Handbook of clinical behavior therapy. New York: Wiley.
Google Scholar
Schreibman, L., & Lovaas, O. I. (1973). Overselective response to social stimuli by autistic children. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 1, 152–168.
CrossRef
Google Scholar
Schreibman, L., & Mills, J. I. (1983). Infantile autism. In T. J. Ollendick & M. Hersen (Eds.), Handbook of child psychopathology. New York: Plenum Publishing.
Google Scholar
Schreibman, L., Charlop, M. H., & Tryon, A. S. (1981). The acquisition and generalization of appropriate spontaneous speech in autistic children. Paper presented at the Annual Convention of the American Psychological Association, Los Angeles, August.
Google Scholar
Schreibman, L., Charlop, M. H., & Koegel, R. L. (1982). Teaching autistic children to use extra-stimulus prompts. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 33, 475–496.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Shea, V., & Mesibov, G. B. (1985). The relationship of learning disabilities and higher-level autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 15, 425–435.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Skinner, B. F. (1957). Verbal behavior. New York: AppletonCentury-Crofts.
CrossRef
Google Scholar
Spence, M. A., Simmons, J. Q., Brown, N. A., & Wikler, L. (1973). Sex rating in families of autistic children. American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 77, 405–407.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Spitz, R. (1945). Hospitalism: An inquiry into the genesis of psychiatric conditions in early childhood. Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 1, 153–172.
Google Scholar
Spitz, R. A. (1965). The first year of life. New York: International Universities Press.
Google Scholar
Strain, P. S. (1983). Generalization of autistic children’s social behavior change: Effects of developmentally integrated and segregated settings. Analysis and Intervention in Developmental Disabilities, 3, 23–34.
CrossRef
Google Scholar
Strain, P. S., Kerr, M. M., & Ragland, E. U. (1979). Effects of peer-mediated social initiations and prompting reinforcement procedures on the social behavior of autistic children. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 9, 41–54.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Tanguay, P. E. (1976). Clinical and electrophysiological research. In E. R. Ritvo (Ed.), Autism: Diagnosis, current research and management. New York: Spectrum.
Google Scholar
Tate, B. G., & Baroff, G. S. (1966). Aversive control of self-injurious behavior in a psychotic boy. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 4, 281–287.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Treffert, D. A. (1970). Epidemiology of infantile autism. Archives of General Psychiatry, 22, 431–438.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Tsai, I., Stewart, M. A., & August, G. (1981). Implication of sex differences in the familial transmission of infantile autism. Journal of Autism and Development Disorders, 11, 165–173.
CrossRef
Google Scholar
Tsai, L., Stewart, M. A., Faust, M., & Shook, S. (1982). Social class distribution of fathers of children enrolled in the Iowa autism program. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 12, 211–221.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Vaillant, G. E. (1962). John Haslam on early infantile autism. American Journal of Psychiatry, 199, 356.
Google Scholar
van Krevelen, D. A. (1952). Early infantile autism. Acta Paedopsychiatrica, 91, 81–97.
Google Scholar
Van Riper, C. (1963). Speech correction. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
Google Scholar
Wakabayashi, S. (1979). A case of infantile autism associated with Down’s syndrome. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 9, 31–36.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ward, A. J. (1970). Early infantile autism: Diagnosis, etiology and treatment. Psychological Bulletin, 73, 350–362.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Weiland, H., & Rudnick, R. (1961). Considerations of the development and treatment of autistic childhood psychosis. Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 16, 549–563.
Google Scholar
Wing, J. K. (1976). Kanner’s syndrome: A historical introduction. In L. Wing (Ed.), Early childhood autism: Clinical, educational and social aspects ( 2nd ed. ). Oxford: Pergamon Press.
Google Scholar
Wing, L. (1976). Diagnosis, clinical description, and prognosis. In L. Wing (Ed.), Early childhood autism. London: Pergamon Press.
Google Scholar
Wing, L. (1978). Social, behavioral, and cognitive characteristics: An epidemiological approach. In M. Rutter & E. Schopler (Eds.), Autism: A reappraisal of concepts and treatment. New York: Plenum Press.
Google Scholar
Wing, L., & Gould, J. (1979). Severe impairments of social interaction and associated abnormalities in children: Epidemiology and classification. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 9, 11–29.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wolery, M., Kirk, K., & Gast, D. L. (1985). Stereotypic behavior as a reinforcer: Effects and side effects. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 15, 149–161.
CrossRef
PubMed
Google Scholar
Yarrow, M. R., Waxier, C. Z., & Scott, P. M. (1971). Child effects on adult behavior. Developmental Psychology, 5, 300–311.
CrossRef
Google Scholar
Zaslow, R. W. (1967). A psychogenic theory of the etiology of infantile autism and implications for treatment. Paper given at a meeting of the California State Psychiatric Association, San Diego, California.
Google Scholar
Zaslow, R. W., & Breger, L. (1969). A theory and treatment of autism. In L. Breger (Ed.), Clinical-cognitive psychology. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Google Scholar