Abstract
A port is a dynamic system, growing and changing as the purpose it was constructed for changes. Nowadays, port authorities and terminal operators are increasingly seeking ways in which they can adapt existing port infrastructure to meet the changing demands of their markets. From an engineering point of view, the port is a system that comprises of miscellaneous facilities directed to the economically efficient and safe handling of cargo. When the type of cargo or transportation mode changes, the port needs to be modernized to be effectively adapted to the new updated cargo handling and hauling equipment, new types of vessels, ground transportation, and so forth.
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Tsinker, G.P. (1997). Modernization of Existing Marine Facilities. In: Handbook of Port and Harbor Engineering. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0863-9_9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0863-9_9
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