Abstract
It has been reported that taurocyamine (guanidinoethanesulfonate)1, guanidinoacetic acid2, γ-guanidinobutyric acid3, N-acetylarginine4, methylguanidine5 and α-guanidinoglutaric acid6, are present in the mammalian brain and that these guanidino compounds induce violent convulsions after intracisternal injection into rabbits, dogs, cats and rats. N-amidinobenzamide7 and dibenzoylguanidine8, which do not occur naturally, have also been found to induce convulsions after intraperitoneal or intravenous injection into animals. Dibenzoylguanidine is thought to be a very suitable convulsant for the study of the convulsive mechanism, because it can easily pass the blood-brain-barrier and the latent time to induce convulsions is very long.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
A. Mizuno, J. Mukawa, K. Kobayashi and A. Mori, Convulsive activity of taurocyamine in cats and rabbits, IRCS Med. Sci., 3:385 (1975).
D. Jinnai, A. Mori, J. Mukawa, H. Ohkusu, M. Hosotani, A. Mizuno and L. C. Tye, Biological and physiological studies on guanidino compounds induced convulsion, Jpn. J. Brain Physiol., 106:3668 (1969).
D. Jinnai, A. Sawai and A. Mori, y-Guanidinobutyric acid as a convulsive substance, Nature, 212: 617 (1966).
H. Okusu and A. Mori, Isolation of a-N-acetyl-L-arginine from cattle brain, J. Neurochem., 16:1485 (1969).
M. Matsumoto, K. Kobayashi, H. Kishikawa and A. Mori, Convulsive activity of methylguanidine in cats and rabbits, IRCS Med. Sci., 4:65 (1976).
A. Mori, Y. Watanabe, S. Shindo, M. Akagi and M. Hiramatsu, a-Guanidinoglutaric acid and epilepsy, in:“Urea Cycle Diseases,” A. Lowenthal, A. Mori and B. Marescau, eds., Plenum Publishing Corporation, New York, (1983).
E. Arrigoni-Martelli, A. Garzia and L. Vargin, Attivata’ farmacologiche della benzoilguanidina, Boll. Soc. Ital. Biol. Sper., 38:1421 (1962).
I. Nakae, Synthesis of N’N-dibenzoylguanidine and its convulsive action, Neurosciences, 7: 205 (1981).
M. Matsumoto, H. Kishikawa and A. Mori, Guanidino compounds in the sera uremic patients and in the sera and brain of experimental uremic rabbits, Biochem. Med., 16:1 (1976).
A. Mori, Y. Watanabe and M. Akagi, Guanidino compound anomalies in epilepsy, in:“Advances in Epileptology,” H. Akimoto, H. Kazamatsuri, M. Seino and A. Ward, eds., Raven Press, New York, (1982).
C. Hiramatsu, Guanidino compounds in mouse brain II. Guanidino compound levels in brain in relation to convulsions, Okayama-Igakkai-Zasshi, 92: 427 (1980).
M. Hiramatsu, H. Niiya-Nishihara and A. Mori, Effect of taurocyamine on taurine and other amino acids in the brain, liver and muscle of mice, Neurosciences, 8: 289 (1982).
R. J. Huxtable and S. E. Lippincott, Comparative metabolism and taurine-depleting effects of guanidinoethanesulfonate in cats, mice and guinea pigs, Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 210:698 (1981).
M. Hiramatsu, S. Ohara, C. Hiramatsu, K. Nanba and A. Mori, Effects of taurocyamine on motor activity and brain monoamine level of mouse, Sulfur-containing Amino Acids, 2: 79 (1979).
J. Glowinski and L. L. Iversen, Regional studies of catecholamines in the rat brain, J. Neurochem., 13:655 (1966).
M. Hiramatsu, Brain monoamine levels and El mouse convulsions. Flia Psychiat. Neurol. Jpn., 35:261 (1981).
S. W. Schaffer, J. Chovan, J. Kramer and E. Kulakowski, The role of taurine receptors in the heart, in:“The Effects of Taurine on Excitable Tissues,” S. W. Schaffer, S. I. Baskin and J. J. Kacsis, eds., Spectrum Publications, New York, (1981)
R. J. Huxtable, H. E. Laird and S. Lippincott, Rapid depletion of tissue taurine content by guanidinoethylsulfonate, in: “The Effects of Taurine on Excitable Tissues,” S. W. Schaffer, S. I. Baskin and J. J. Kacsis, eds., Spectrum Publications, New York, (1981).
H. I. Yamamura, R. C. Speth, R. E. Hruska, N. Bresolin, B. A. Meiners and R. J. Huxtable, Effects of kainic acid lesions of taurine transport into rat brain synaptosomes, in:“The Effects of Taurine on Excitable Tissues,” S. W. Schaffer, S. I. Baskin and J. J. Kicsis, eds., Spectrum Publications, New York, (1981).
J. Bahl, C. J. Frangakis, B. Larsen, S. Chang, D. Grosso and R. Bressler, Accumulation of taurine by isolated rat heart cells and rat heart slices, in:“The Effects of Taurine on Excitable Tissues,” S. W. Schaffer, S. I. Baskin and J. H. Kocsis, eds., Spectrum Publications, New York, (1981).
K. Okamoto and Y. Sakai, Inhibitory actions of taurocyamine, hypotaurine, homotaurine, taurine and GABA on spike discharges of purkinje cells, and localization of sensitive sites, in guinea-pig cerebellar slices, Brain Res., 206: 371 (1981).
S. Shindo, M. Hiramatsu, Y. Katayama, S. Ohara, S. Miyamoto and A. Mori, Distribution and metabolism of 35S-taurocyamine administered to mouse in vivo, Sulfur Amino Acids, 5: 197 (1982).
H. Iwata, S. Yamagami, E. Lee, T. Matsuda and A. Baba, Increase of brain taurine contents of El mice by physiological stimulation, Jpn. J. Pharmacol., 29:503 (1979).
K. Kobayashi and A. Mori, Brain monoamines in seizure mechanism (Review), Follia Psychiat. Neurol. Jpn., 31:483 31:483 (1977).
A. Mori, Clinical biochemistry of epilepsy-Specially regarding to neurotransmitters, No-shinkei, 34: 1129 (1982) (in Japanese).
M. Hiramatsu, Brain 5-hydroxytryptamine level, metabolism and binding in El mice, Neurochem. Res., 8:1163 (1983).
E. W. Mynert, T. J. Marczynski and R. A. Browing, The role of the neurotransmitters in the epilepsies, Adv. Neurol., 131:79 (1975).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1985 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Hiramatsu, M., Kabuto, H., Mori, A. (1985). Effect of Taurine, Taurocyamine and Anticonvulsants on Dibenzoylguanidine-Induced Convulsions and their Relation to Brain Monoamine Levels in ddY and El Mice. In: Mori, A., Cohen, B.D., Lowenthal, A. (eds) Guanidines. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0752-6_24
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0752-6_24
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-0754-0
Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-0752-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive