Abstract
One of the primary purposes of a liquid-propellant rocket vehicle pressurization system is to supply propellant to the engine at the required pressure. For a pump-fed engine, the pressure required is that necessary to suppress cavitation in the pump. This pressure is the difference between total head and vapor head at the pump inlet. Cryogenic propellants are characterized by large vapor-pressure variation with temperature, and the vapor pressure is a significant portion of the total pressure. Flight aerodynamic heating is absorbed in the propellant through the tank walls, increasing temperature and vapor pressure in a non-uniform manner termed stratification. The primary objective of this paper is to describe semiempirically this stratification phenomenon in wall-heated containers of cryogenic fluids.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
J. H. Chin, E. Y. Harper, S. E. Hurd, A. M. Levy, and H. M. Satterlee, “Analytical and Experimental Study of Liquid Orientation and Stratification in Standard and Reduced Gravity Fields, July 1,1963, through May 31,1964,” NASA Contract NAS 8–11525, Lockheed Missiles and Space Company (May 1964).
B. W. Martin, Proc. Roy. Soc. A230, 502 (1955).
M. J. Lighthill, Quart. J. Mech. Appl. Math. 6 (4): 398 (1953).
J. P. Hartnett and W. E. Welsh, Trans. ASME 79(7): 1551 (1957).
E. M. Sparrow and J. K. Gregg, Trans. ASME 78(2): 435 (1956).
M. Jakob, Heat Transfer, J. Wiley and Sons, New York, (1949) p. 536.
A. Emery and N. C. Chu, “Heat Transfer Across Vertical Layers,” presented at Heat Transfer Conference and Products Show, Cleveland, Ohio, Paper 64-HT-31 (1964).
B. D. NefT, “Free Convection in a Container of Cryogenic Fluid,” MS Dissertation, Mechanical Engineering, Denver University, Denver, Colorado (1965).
E. R. G. Eckert and T. W. Jackson, “Analysis of Turbulent Free Convection on a Flat Plate,” NACA Report 1015 (1950).
B. D. Neff, “A Study of Cryogenic Propellants Stratification Reduction, Final Report,” Marshall Space Flight Center, Contract NAS 8–5208 (August 1965).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1967 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this paper
Cite this paper
Neff, B.D., Chiang, C.W. (1967). Free Convection in a Container of Cryogenic Fluid. In: Timmerhaus, K.D. (eds) Advances in Cryogenic Engineering. Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, vol 12. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0489-1_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0489-1_12
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-0491-4
Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-0489-1
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive