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Antibodies

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The Handbook of Radiopharmaceuticals

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Abstract

Antibodies (Abs) are immunoglobulin (Ig) molecules that are formed in response to the presence of foreign substances (antigen, Ag) in the blood. The antibodies have binding sites that recognize the Ag(s) and bind specifically with them. There are five classes of immunoglobulins: gamma, IgG; mu, IgM; alpha, IgA; delta, IgD; and epsilon, IgE [11. The antibodies have Variable’ and ‘constant’ regions of light and heavy chains. The variable region (Fab) contains amino-terminal portions responsible for the antibody’s specificity (the specific binding sites for the antigens). The constant region (Fc) controls the binding of complement, the transport of the antibody molecule across membranes and the binding of antibody to membranes (non-specific binding). The Fab and Fc fragments of an IgG molecule are obtained by enzymatic cleavage using papain, while the Fab’ fragment is obtained using pepsin, as shown in Figure 11.1.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait

    Azuwuike Owunwanne

  2. Kuwait Central Radiopharmacy Kuwait Cancer Control Center, Ministry of Public Health, Kuwait

    Mohan Patel

  3. Department of Nuclear Medicine Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait

    Samy Sadek

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  1. Azuwuike Owunwanne
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  2. Mohan Patel
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  3. Samy Sadek
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© 1995 Azuwuike Owunwanne, Mohan Patel and Samy Sadek

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Owunwanne, A., Patel, M., Sadek, S. (1995). Antibodies. In: The Handbook of Radiopharmaceuticals. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0414-3_11

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